Influence Of Geographical Environment On Economic Development Of Mountainous Villages

Since the reform and opening up,with the rapid economic development,problems such as excessive resource consumption and environmental pollution have become increasingly prominent.In response to this problem,General Secretary Xi Jinping put forward the two-mountain theory,which scientifically concluded the relationship between economic development and environmental protection.As the smallest carrier of economic activities,villages play an important role in the process of economic development.Therefore,it is the main problem faced by the current village development to explore how to use its own conditions reasonably and effectively to achieve rapid economic development and achieve a benign interaction between economic development and environmental protection on the premise that the mountain environment is not destroyed from a small-scale level.Based on this,this paper takes the village area of Xixia County in the western mountainous area of Henan Province as the basic research unit.According to the obtained research data such as remote sensing image data,basic geographic data,and socio-economic statistical data,construct a multi-factor village geographic environment index system focusing on natural geographic environment from four aspects: topographic features,location conditions,resource endowments and ecological environment.Then,based on the analysis of the spatial pattern of the temporal and spatial evolution of the village economic development in Xixia County by using the spatial autocorrelation method,a random forest regression model is introduced to explore the influence of geographical environment factors on the village economic development.The research conclusions are as follows:(1)Spatial pattern of economic development in mountain villages and its evolution characteristics:(1)The village economy is unbalanced,and the high and low value agglomeration effect is obvious,showing a spatial distribution pattern of high economic growth areas with villages around the country as the core and scattered low economic lag areas around.(2)From 1996 to 2018,the village economic had strong spatial agglomeration,and showed a changing trend from weak to strong during the study period.(3)From 1996 to 2018,the spatial pattern of economic growth in villages changed significantly.The economic growth hotspots decreased while the coldspots increased,and there is an obvious spatial transition phenomenon in the hotspots and hotspots,from a relatively scattered spatial pattern to a spatial distribution state in which the hotspots are relatively concentrated and the coldspots are still relatively scattered.(2)The analysis of geographical environment influencing factors of the economic development of mountain villages shows that: Geographical environment plays an important role in the economic development of mountain villages,but the influence of various factors on economic development is different in different periods.(1)During the study period,the spatial distance from the administrative village to the county seat in the location conditions has gradually deepened the impact on the economic development of the village and has always been at the forefront of various factors.However,the spatial distance from administrative villages to townships has little effect on the development of village economy and its role gradually declines.(2)Among the resource endowments,the area of arable land is the most important to the development of the village economy in the early stage of the study,but its influence has dropped significantly over time and is gradually replaced by other geographical environment elements.(3)The influence of topographic feature on the economic development of villages has little fluctuation during the research period and remains basically stable,and the importance of each factor is medium level.(4)During the study period,the influence of the ecological environment on the economic development of the village was gradually strengthened.By the end of the study period,it was ranked in the forefront of all factors,second only to the spatial distance factor from the administrative village to the county seat in the location conditions.(3)The analysis of geographical environment factors influencing the economic development of mountain villages under location constraints shows that: In different periods and within different regions,the influence of geographical environment on the economic development of mountain villages is different.(1)In administrative villages within the close range of the county seat,during the study period,the economic development mode gradually developed from the planting industry to the diversified mode.The influence of geographical environment factors on the economic development of villages has gradually changed from the single resource endowment factor(arable land area and water network density)in the early stage to the joint effect of ecological environment factor and resource endowment factor(arable land area).(2)In administrative villages within a medium distance from the county seat,the resource endowment has the greatest impact on the development of village economy,but its importance decreases with time,and among them,water resources decline the most.At the same time,the impact of ecological environment on the development of village economy gradually deepening.(3)The administrative villages within a long distance from the county seat,the fluctuations in the impact of geographical environmental factors on the economic development of the village during the study period are stronger than those within the close and medium distances from the county seat.With the development of time,the driving factors of the geographical environment for the economic development of administrative villages in this range are not the significant influence of a single factor,but the comprehensive influence of complex factors formed by the interaction of various factors.The geographical environment plays an important role in the economic development of mountain villages,which can promote the gradual diversification of their economic development methods.According to the analysis of different periods and different location conditions,although the effects of various geographical environmental factors on the economic development of mountain villages are different,the degree of influence of the ecological environment is gradually deepened during the study period.With the rapid development of social economy,people’s needs gradually develop to a high-level spiritual life stage,and a high-quality ecological environment can effectively meet people’s high-quality life needs.Therefore,in the new era,rural tourism will play an important role in the development of the village economy,and the mountainous area is rich in resources and environment and has a good ecological condition,which is an important place to develop the rural tourism industry.Therefore,under the scientific background of the rural revitalization strategy and "lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets",the development of various industries according to the geographical conditions of the mountainous areas can effectively promote the rapid and high-quality development of the village economy.