The Research On Z Bauman’s Individualized Society Critical Thought

Zygmont Bauman is a contemporary sociologist,philosopher,and Eastern European Neo Marxist.Baumann’s research focuses on critical perspectives in the non economic fields of Marxism,such as cultural criticism and ethical criticism,and has distinct characteristics of the New Marxist theory in Eastern Europe.Baumann’s late studies focused on examining the new practical foundations of late capitalism,and are renowned in the theoretical community for their dialectical understanding of modernity and postmodernism.Bauman’s critical thinking on contemporary capitalist production methods and social structures-"individualized social criticism"-is a micro aspect of Bauman’s academic essence that closely follows the pulse of the times and accurately and meticulously grasps social conditions.The theoretical analysis tool used in Baumann’s critique of modernity is the category of "individualization",which focuses on the structural relationship between individuals and society rather than the individual itself.Bauman believes that the historical process of capitalist modernity is not only the modernization process of material production,but also the gradual individualization of modern people.Bauman’s diagnosis of contemporary capitalist society is’ individualistic society ’.Bauman believes that individualized society is not only a new change in the logic of social operation and the way power is controlled in contemporary capitalism.Moreover,it is a common sense of loneliness and helplessness among contemporary people,characterized by instability,uncertainty,and insecurity.The current individual freedom is by no means the automatic entry of capitalism into the stage of individual freedom and liberation,but rather represents an unprecedented situation of helplessness and insecurity for individuals.Because the individual’s survival situation is completely insufficient to support their freedom and autonomy.Being constantly worried about livelihoods and the future in a situation of insecurity and insecurity is a new "alienation" situation for contemporary people.Bauman believes that the essence of "individualized society" is that individuals in contemporary capitalist society are "individualized," "singled out," or "atomized.The emergence of individualized society is due to changes in the political and economic structure of contemporary capitalism.Specifically,it is due to the trend of"de labor" in capitalist industries and the wave of reform to reduce social welfare security;The rise of consumer culture;Social structural reasons such as global capitalism and supranational domination.If traditional industrial societies emphasize groups,organizations,and collective actions,while individualistic societies possess powerful forces of differentiation,leading to the loss of citizenship and the difficulty of collective action.Contemporary people are no longer essentially producers citizens,but complete consumers and strangers.Individual life planning no longer has a stable foundation,and individuals no longer have long-term and reliable identification.Unity is a heavy burden on individuals,and the community of strangers does not generate public obligations and responsibilities,and even cannot establish a stable moral framework and reciprocal relationships.Bowman criticized the "actual community" as false.The nature of a community is either a safe haven or a gathering place for anxiety.Bauman believes that the global risk of individualized society is neotribalism,which is not only reflected in populism,authoritarianism,and other increasingly anti globalization "wall building" isolation and isolation strategies,but also in nostalgia for the obsession with ethnographic biological identity.The current suffering and problems in the world are of a supranational(regional)nature,rooted in the global capitalist power domination.In Bauman’s view,today’s history has entered an era of individualization,characterized by uncertainty,liquidity,and instability.In addition,Bauman’s concept of a moral community provides a theoretical blueprint for the construction of a social vision.He believes that individual liberation is not liberated from society,but from the individualization of society.In considering how to talk about ’us’,Bauman’s strategy is to establish a new type of moral community that must once again establish care,attention,and reciprocal relationships with others,and once again promote attention to the weak status and protection of rights for all in society as a whole.Bauman’s moral community is not talking about the construction of a "moral subject" outside of material production practice.Bauman’s moral community strategy is still within the sociological framework.Bauman advocates that the focus of ethics must shift from individual rights to collective interests and social responsibility,combining ethical principles with political action.Bauman’s proposition of a moral community lies in three aspects:introducing morality first and consolidating the foundation of social unity;Developing the welfare system and rebuilding citizen republic politics;Building a global community and enhancing global public awareness.As mentioned above,Baumann’s individualistic social criticism ideology reveals the profound changes in modern society and the uncertainty challenges faced by contemporary people,showcasing the reality of labor exclusion,lack of welfare system guarantees,extreme social fragmentation,and global governance deficits for the general public in capitalist society.Bauman’s profound grasp of the nature of postmodern society has earned him the reputation of a prophet of postmodernism.Bauman’s theory of individualistic social criticism is not only of great significance for us to understand the evolution of contemporary capitalist systems and update the task of modernity criticism,but also the latest attempt in contemporary Marxist theory in the world.