| Objective: The perception of natural emotional scenarios and the provision of timely behavioral feedback are of great importance for the survival development of individuals,such as acting to move away from harmful stimuli and approaching favorable ones in a timely manner.Studies within the field of emotion-action integration have shown that changes in the phase characteristics of the primary motor cortex,which is responsible for action output,during the processing of emotional information can reveal the survival adaptation mechanisms of individuals at the neurophysiological level.For example,the higher excitability on M1 in the early150 ms in response to threatening stimuli indicate that individuals have a faster behavioral response to threatening stimuli,and the rising excitability of M1 in the late300 ms in response to positive stimuli indicate that individuals also have a response behavioral feedback to positive stimuli,which guarantees the development of individuals toward a healthy survival.Some studies have suggested that this process may be influenced by personality traits,anxiety,and other factors,but few systematic studies have been conducted to confirm this.As a stable personality trait with high anxiety tendency and the right hemisphere as a sensitive hemisphere for emotion recognition and affected by anxiety,this study was conducted to investigate the effect of trait anxiety on the characteristics of the right primary motor cortex involved in emotional information processing at different time stages and the effect of different motor interventions,aiming to reveal the effect of high trait anxiety on the survival adaptation mechanism of individuals at the neurophysiological level and to explore the best motor intervention program to regulate the adverse effects of high trait anxiety.Methods:(1)In Experiment 1,27 individuals with high trait anxiety,30 individuals with moderate trait anxiety and 30 individuals with low trait anxiety were studied in an emotion picture classification task using the emotion picture evocation method and single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation(sp TMS).The technique measured the excitability of the right M1 at 150 ms and 300 ms in the task state to explore the effect of high trait anxiety on right M1 emotional information processing characteristics.(2)Experiment 2 was based on the paradigm of Experiment 1,in which 16 individuals with high trait anxiety were selected and subjected to acute high-intensity interval exercise(HIIE),acute moderate intensity continuous exercise(MICE),and acute high intensity interval exercise(HIIE).To investigate the effects of exercise type on the emotional information processing characteristics of the right primary motor cortex in individuals with high trait anxiety,a control group was established.Result: The results of Experiment 1 showed that(1)at the 150 ms time point,the MEP amplitude of the high trait anxiety group had a significantly lower MEP amplitude than the medium trait anxiety on the right side M1,and there was no significant difference between the medium and low trait groups;at the 300-ms time point,the high trait anxiety group had a lower MEP amplitude than the remaining two groups when faced with emotional stimuli,and there was no difference between the remaining two groups;(2)in the medium trait anxiety group,the MEP amplitude of the right M1 under negative stimuli was higher than that of positive and neutral stimuli at the early 150 ms,and the MEP amplitude of the low trait anxiety group was higher than that of neutral stimuli under positive and negative stimuli at this stage.The results of Experiment 2 showed that after the acute high-intensity intermittent exercise intervention,the MEP amplitude of the right M1 at 150 ms under negative stimulation rose significantly after exercise.The MEP amplitude of the right M1 at 150 ms under positive stimulation rose after acute moderate intensity exercise intervention,and there was no significant difference in the control group.Conclusions:(1)the right primary motor cortex of moderately trait-anxious individuals shows higher excitability in response to negative stimuli in the early stages,and high trait anxiety reduces the efficiency of this mobilization and also reduces the higher excitability in response to emotional stimuli in the later stages;(2)the existence of optimal benefits of high-intensity interval exercise in enhancing the excitability of the right primary motor cortex in the early face of threatening stimuli in individuals with high trait anxiety;(3)high excitability to positive stimuli was also present early in the right primary motor cortex of individuals with low trait anxiety.Through the above two experiments,this study found that high trait anxiety would reduce the excitability of the right primary motor cortex during emotion-related activities,which is not conducive to the development of individual survival adaptation.The inability to make timely behavior expression in the face of emotional stimulation may also be one of the reasons for the high anxiety tendency of this group.High intensity intermittent exercise is the best way to adjust this problem.This study not only enriched the evidence in the field of the integration of emotion and movement,but also has important implications for the prevention of anxiety disorders. |
