| In this paper,based on the existing 22 inscriptions of City God Temple,accompanied by local Chronicles of Sanyuan County,local literati collection of Sanyuan in Ming and Qing Dynasties,local literature and history materials,etc.,the paper deconstructs Sanyuan Town God Temple in Ming and Qing Dynasties from four aspects: orthodox reconstruction and local return,local power pattern evolution,transformation of Sanyuan Town God Temple in the mid-Qing Dynasty,and changes in the management mode of temple fair.Analyze the changing vein of regional society and local politics in Sanyuan.The control and autonomy between state and local has always been a research hotspot in academia.Ming hongwu restructuring to country means to force the chenghuang temple into national sacrificial rites,sanyuan article also into place is enshrined god system,completed in mid-ming period sanyuan chenghuang temple orthodoxy reshaping of at the same time,also brought local regression,the regression embodied in the article the personification of god and the localization,and the growth of the local gentry class,dominated the chenghuang temple of control rights.In the traditional Chinese social structure,there is inevitably a tension between the downward looking official power and the upward looking gentry power.From the perspective of Sanyuan Town God Temple,in the Chongzhen period of the late Ming Dynasty,the establishment of local gentry forces in Sanyuan was the expansion of local power.Local armed groups completely replaced the official government of Sanyuan County,carried out temporary war control,and took over the military and civilian power of Sanyuan County,including the management right of City God Temple.This expansion of local power was suddenly dissipated after the Qing Dynasty.Directly lead to the temple management hollow zone,Sanyuan official take advantage of the vacancy,the official power once again returned to the original belong to their own position.With the expansion of state power in the Qing Dynasty,the rise of the local gentry,and in line with the expectations of this expansion,Sanyuan Town God’s Temple just became the junction of the contradiction between the state and the local.The establishment of the General Bureau of Military Supplies in Sanyuan Town God Temple during the Jiaqing period in the middle of the Qing Dynasty,Sanyuan County officials,local gentry class,temple management is equal to the temple office,discuss and deal with local public affairs,which reveals the transformation and reform of Sanyuan Town God Temple,which is becoming a semi-official institution.Sanyuan Town God Temple is the carrier of the dynasty state using the concept of Shinto establishment and national policies,and temple management fair is Sanyuan County government and local forces to cooperate with the integration of local public affairs.From the state control in the early Ming Dynasty to the official authorization of civil participation in the middle Ming Dynasty,to the complete control of the people in the changing dynasties of the Ming and Qing Dynasties,to the establishment of temple management fairs in the Qing Shunkang period,the development of temple management fairs in the Kangqian era,the official began to gradually give way to the people,and the temple management fairs tended to evolve into official institutions,showing the historical context from "officials advancing to the people retreating" to "officials retreating to the people advancing".Chenghuang Temple in Sanyuan County is a witness of the changes of local society and local power in Ming and Qing Dynasties.As a medium between the state and local people,the gentry class is an extension of the will of the state in the grassroots society.The expansion of national power predicts the change of the main body of power in the emerging grass-roots society,and the flow of social class is also an organic part of local politics.The research of this paper has certain reference significance to the present local governance. |
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