The Evolution Of Relations Between Venezuela And The Non-Aligned Movement(1964-2019)

Located in northern South America,on the southern coast of the Caribbean Sea,close to the United States,Venezuela has complex geopolitical interests.At the same time,Venezuela is rich in natural resources such as oil and is an energy power in the Western Hemisphere.In foreign relations,Venezuela is an active force for Latin American integration and trade liberalization in the Western Hemisphere.Venezuela was a regional power in Latin America and,as a developing country,had many similarities with the policy advocacy of the NonAligned Movement.From 1964 to 2019,Venezuela’s relations with the Non-Aligned Movement went through four periods: early,developing,deepening and continuing to deepen.In the early stages(1964-1989),Venezuela participated in the affairs of the Non-Aligned Movement for the first time,was invited to become an observer country,cooperated with the work of the Movement and participated in relevant meetings,and continuously deepened its recognition of the purposes and principles of the Movement.During that time,Venezuela applied twice to become a member of the Non-Aligned Movement,which was finally formally adopted at the Ninth Summit of the Non-Aligned Movement in 1989.During the development stage(1989-2000),Venezuela took an active part in the affairs of the Non-Aligned Movement,promoted North-South dialogue and South-South cooperation,respected and protected women’s rights and interests,promoted the development of democratic diplomacy and extensive foreign trade,and played an important role in promoting social equity and development.In the deepening phase(2000-2016),under the leadership of President Hugo Chávez,Venezuela further increased its participation in the Non-Aligned Movement,carried out profound socialization reforms at home,strengthened its anti-American stance externally,and promoted the construction of journalism in developing countries.During its presidency(2016-2019),Venezuela called on multilateral diplomacy to promote world peace,combat human trafficking to protect civilians,support Palestinian national liberation,and enhance the Movement’s voice in international affairs.In general,Venezuela’s involvement in NAM-related matters has gradually increased and its affinity for the Movement has continued to grow.In essence,Venezuela has been deepening its participation in the NAM,the largest international organization in the third world,in order to reduce domestic tensions,promote regional integration and the construction of a new international order for its own development,seek support from the third world against U.S.hegemony,and express its demands in the United Nations and other forums where collective voting is required.However,NAM covers many developing countries,and many views may not be unanimous.Although its importance in the international arena is growing,it is still difficult to compete with the United States in some cases.At a time when the global epidemic is not over,oil prices are still high,and international conflicts continue,this presents both opportunities and challenges for Venezuela and the Movement.