A Study On Primary School Health Curriculum In The Early Period Of Nanjing National Government(1927-1937)

Health education is to use the means of education to achieve the purpose of health,to provide students with necessary health knowledge,to cultivate correct health habits,to cultivate a good health attitude,its purpose is to promote the healthy development of students.As the basic stage of school health education,primary school health education plays a foundational role both in terms of individual health and the prosperity and development of the whole nation.As an important carrier of health education,health curriculum is the concentrated embodiment of the development of school health education.In this paper,literature research method,historical research method and case study method are adopted to sort out the development of primary school health curriculum in the early period of Nanjing National Government,explore the historical background of primary school health curriculum,explore the curriculum objectives,curriculum content and curriculum implementation of primary school health curriculum in the past ten years,in order to improve and enrich the research of primary school health curriculum during the period of Nanjing National Government.At that time,school health problems emerge in an endless stream,poor school sanitation,a variety of chronic diseases and infectious diseases,coupled with poor health habits of children seriously affect the physical health of children,resulting in a very high rate of diseases among Chinese children,most of which are criticized by people.At the same time,the school health cause carried out by missionaries in China has aroused people’s attention to school health education.The elite also gradually realized the importance of school health education and widely publicized school health education.Of course,the development of school health education cannot be separated from the intervention of administrative forces.The Ministry of Education has issued a series of health policies and decrees to support the development of school health education.During this decade,the goals and contents of the health curriculum have been adjusted and improved several times.The goal of health curriculum not only attaches importance to the growth of children’s health knowledge and the formation of health habits,but also emphasizes the cultivation of children’s health interest and confidence.The content of the health curriculum is gradually enriched,which requires both health habits and health knowledge,as well as personal health knowledge and public health knowledge.In addition,curriculum implementation is the key to put curriculum objectives and curriculum content into practice.During the ten years from 1927 to 1937,various teaching methods,colorful health practice activities and clear health performance test vividly demonstrated the implementation of health curriculum in primary schools.Finally,the primary school in Dingxian pilot area of Hebei Province is selected as a case,through the examination of the specific content of the primary school health curriculum,classroom teaching,health examination,cleaning inspection and other aspects,to show the specific situation of the development of the primary school health curriculum in this period.In short,the implementation of primary school health curriculum in the early period of Nanjing National Government from 1927 to 1937 had certain results: first,to ensure the health of students;Second,to promote the cultivation of children’s health habits;Third,promote the development of public health.However,during this period,the primary school health curriculum also has some shortcomings,such as difficult curriculum content,shortage of health education funds and shortage of health teachers.Although the primary school health curriculum in this period had some shortcomings,it did more good than harm on the whole,and laid a solid foundation for promoting the physical health of children and even the overall physical fitness of the nation.