| Yuan Ruo Yun Bian(《渊若韵辨》)was written in the 30th year of the reign of Emperor Qianlong.by Mr.Ji Zhangqiu of Shandong.In addition to the simple interpretation of the received words,the rhyme also interprets the pronunciation by means of straight tone,reverse cut,reyin,borrowed word,leaf tone,vulgar tone and so on.Before exploring the phonological characteristics of Yuan Ruo Yun Bian,this paper first reveals the inheriting relationship between Yuan Ruo Yun Bian and Yuan Yun Pu(《元韵谱》)in terms of frame terms and the arrangement of entering phonological rhyme.Secondly,by sorting out the sources of rhyme characters in the middle ages,the phonological characteristics of Yuan Ruo Yun Bian are comprehensively and systematically elaborated,such as clear dullness,disappearance of entering rhyme tail,bisecting of YIN-YANG(阴阳),etc.which is roughly equivalent to the evolution law of Chinese phonetics.Moreover,by comparing the differences and similarities between Yuan Ruo Yun Bian and Wan Yun Xin Shu(《万韵新书》)and Zeng Bu Shi Wu Yin(《增补十五音》),the characteristics of closing characters,and the aspects of sound,rhyme and tone,this paper finds that there is a great consistency in the compilation style and the direction of phonetic evolution of the three rhymes.The differences are mainly reflected in the characteristics of closing characters,the division and closing of ZHIZHUANG-ZHANG(知庄章),the opening and closing of lip characters,and the division of YIN-YANG.And these differences just highlight the characteristics of their own dialects.Finally,combining with modern dialect materials,this paper compares the time-sound system reflected in Yuan Ruo Yun Bian with modern Zhangqiu dialect.It is found that the Zhangqiu pronunciation,separated by nearly three hundred years,has produced changes such as"the appearance of the sound in front of the tongue,the existence of two readings of RI(日母),the only type of flat pronunciation is YINPING(阴平),and the pronunciation of the entering pronunciation is close to the upper pronunciation".Therefore,this paper holds that Yuan Ruo Yun Bian is a northern phonological rhyme book with strong equal-rhyme color.Its phonology is dominated by Mandarin in the middle of Qing Dynasty,which is mixed with a large number of time-tone components.The characteristics of time-tone are of great significance for the study of modern Zhangqiu phonetics. |
