A Study On The Negative Construction “Shui V” From The Interactive Perspective

There have been many domestic studies on the negative usage of “Shui”,most of which are from a holistic perspective,discussing the diachronic evolution process and syntactic and semantic characteristics of “Shui”,lack of a systematic and comprehensive study of its related negative constructions.This paper takes negative constructions“Shui Zhi(dao)”“Shuishuo” and “Shuirang/jiao” as the research object,explores its evolution process and formation characteristics,and understands its formation mechanism,which to a certain extent enriches study on the negative construction of “Shui”.The full text is mainly based on the spoken language corpus,starting from the perspective of interactive linguistics,using the research method combining synchronic and diachronic,comprehensively describes and explain the nature characteristics,conversational communication characteristics and discourse functions of the three constructions.The similarities and differences of the three constructions were compared.Through the study of this paper,the following conclusions can be drawn:(1)“Shui Zhi(dao)”“Shuishuo” and “Shuirang/jiao” constructions are on a continuum from interrogative usage to negative usage,and the formation of negative usage is mainly the reanalysis of the interrogative pronouns“Shui” and the verbs“zhi(dao)”“shuo”“rang/jiao”and the application of subjectivization,contextual absorption and communication principles.Three constructions can all be located at the beginning,middle,end of the turn and in a separate turn.(2)“Shui Zhi(dao)” can express two semantics: [+negation] and [+accident],and co-occurrence components of these two semantics are analyzed.In the sequence environment,it can be located in the response sequence,also appear in the multi-turn structure such as a tell sequence.In terms of pragmatic functions,“Shui Zhi(dao)”has the function of interpersonal interaction to indicate subjective cognition and convey the subject’s emotion,as well as discourse organization.(3)The quotative object “X” of “Shuishuo X” is mainly sentence-based and direct-citation in the way of quoting.“Shuishuo X” often appears in the response position in the “trigger-response”sequence,the trigger sentences are also sorted out.“Shuishuo X”can be used to preempt turns,transfer turns,continuation turns or end turns,with the transfer turn as the main one.In terms of stance expression,“Shuishuo X”is mainly used to refute unreasonable views,and the special omission structure“Shuishuo bushi” can express approval or appreciation.(4)“VP” of “Shuirang/jiao NP+VP”can be divided into three types: existing action,unrealized action and objective reality,with the existing action as the main one.“Shuirang/jiao” has two basic semantics: [+negation]and[+explanation],which can be distributed in various response structures,expressing approval or consent,complaint and helplessness.(5)Although“Shui Zhi(dao)”“Shuishuo”and“Shuirang/jiao”can express negative meanings,the form and content of variable component “X”,co-occurrence components as well as semantic features and interactive communication of the construction are still different.