Research On The International Committee Of The Red Cross Relief For The Allied Prisoners Of War During The World War Ⅱ

The International Committee of the Red Cross(ICRC)was founded on February 9,1863 in Geneva by Henry Dunant and prominent Genevan citizens.It is a nongovernmental humanitarian international organization that operated during World War Ⅱ(particularly from December 8,1941 to August 1945)to protect prisoners of war and civilians of British,American,Dutch,and other nationalities within the sphere of Japanese influence.This paper focuses on the ICRC’s activities in protecting Allied prisoners of war,drawing on the current academic research and archival materials from the National Archives of Japan and the Diplomatic Archives of Japan.The ICRC’s official website archive and library network resources were also used to describe the ICRC’s relief activities for Allied prisoners of war and analyze the significance of their relief efforts.The paper is mainly divided into the following sections:The first part is an introduction that explains the research content,summarizes related domestic and foreign academic achievements,discusses related academic achievements,analyzes the author’s research space and the practical significance and innovation of the selected topic.The second part explores the legal basis for the ICRC’s assistance to prisoners of war and non-combatants and analyzes the role of the ICRC’s relief activities during wartime.The third part describes the origin of the ICRC’s activities in providing relief for Allied prisoners of war and non-combatants,starting from the dissemination of the Geneva Conventions to Japan,to assisting the belligerent parties in using exchange ships to exchange their own nationals detained by enemy forces within their respective spheres of influence,and distributing correspondence and relief supplies to prisoners of war and detainees through various national Red Cross societies.The paper also looks at different Japanese policies towards prisoners of war in different regions through visits to Japanese POW camps and internment camps.The fourth part briefly describes the role of the ICRC and the significance of its activities in the development of international humanitarian law.Finally,the paper concludes with a summary of the ICRC’s relief activities for prisoners of war,affirming the positive value of their activities and warning future generations.