Analysis On Kautsky’s Social And Historical View

Karl Kautsky was a famous leader of the Second International,and his views are widely evaluated differently by the world,generally judged as an opportunist.This article believes that Kautsky has his own contribution to maintaining and developing Marxist historical materialism,of course,there are also shortcomings.In terms of historical materialism,Kautsky’s contribution lies in his development and understanding of social history,which is reflected in his book "Historical Materialism".Among them,the discussions around human nature,class,and state constitute the core content of his social history.In the book,he emphasized the essence of social history,pointed out that social history is a scientific historical materialism,and made a definition of human nature as the starting point of human social history.Innate universal human nature is the foundation of human social development.On this basis,the article analyzes Kautsky’s contributions to class theory and state theory,explores his debates with Luxemburg,Bernstein and others during the Second International period,analyzes Kautsky’s contributions to maintaining Marxist historical materialism in terms of social history,and also points out his historical limitations.For the early spread of Marxism in China,Kautsky’s works have important enlightening significance.