Influence Of Old-Age Models On Mental Health Of The Elderly

Population aging is a global problem,which has a profound and lasting impact on human society.As the world’s largest aging society,our country is facing the serious threat of aging.The pension service faces a severe challenge,the demand of the pension service is about to enter the "blowout period",the spiritual pension problem brings a new challenge to the aging population in our country.In the process of old-age care,how to better provide spiritual care for the elderly is an urgent problem to be solved.The ways of providing for the aged are gradually diversified.How to improve the mental health level of the aged under different ways of providing for the aged is the key of spiritual providing for the aged.Under the background of aging population,the mental health problems of the elderly people and the actual situation of the way of nursing care are combined.This study focuses on the elderly over 65 years old,studies the influence of pension mode on the mental health of the elderly,and pays attention to the moderating effect of social participation,so as to enhance the attention of the state,society and family to the elderly pension and mental health.Based on CLHLS follow-up survey data in2005,2008,2010,2014 and 2018,this paper selects questions related to personality and emotion to measure the mental health status of the elderly according to research needs.The key independent variables were measured from four dimensions,namely,living style,life care,spiritual comfort and source of living,which were related to the old-age care mode.The moderating variable was the social participation of the elderly,and the outdoor activities,recreational activities and social organization activities that the elderly participated in were measured.In this study,STATA16.0 was used to build a panel data model to explore the relationship between the pension mode and the mental health of the elderly,reveal the mechanism of the effect of the pension mode on the mental health of the elderly,and pay attention to the regulating effect of social participation on the mental health of the elderly with different pension modes.Through empirical research,this paper finds that the way of supporting the elderly is significantly related to the mental health of the elderly,and there are differences in mental health of the elderly under different ways of supporting the elderly.Specifically,in terms of living style,compared with living with family members,the mental health level of the elderly living alone or living in pension institutions is significantly lower;In terms of life care,compared with family care,nanny’s life care has a significant positive effect on the mental health of the elderly,and the mental health status of the elderly without care is significantly worse.In terms of mental well-being,except for family members,friends,neighbors or social service personnel had a significant positive impact on the mental health of the elderly.The elderly who had no one to talk to had a worse mental health status.In terms of sources of living,compared with family economic support,a stable income through labor or pension can improve the mental health of the elderly.In terms of social participation,social participation has a "double gain" effect on the mental health of the elderly.On the one hand,social participation can directly promote the improvement of the mental health of the elderly.On the other hand,social participation has a significant moderating effect on the mental health of the elderly with different pension modes.Based on the above research results,this paper believes that it is necessary to improve the mental health of the elderly by meeting the needs of the elderly in different pension ways.Pension is not a unilateral contribution,it is the harmonious development of a society.Therefore,this study puts forward specific suggestions: first,optimize the living style of the elderly;Second,expand social support channels for the elderly;Third,improve the social old-age security system;Fourth,we will increase the participation of the elderly in society.