A Study On The Acquisition Of The Auxiliary Word "了" By Indonesian Students At Primary Chinese Level

"le"is one of the major difficulties in teaching Chinese to speakers of other languages.In Chinese teaching,we found that Indonesian students face problems in acquiring related expressions using"le",it shows that there are certain characteristics of errors that students often make.Based on the theory of interlanguage,this research analyzes the characteristics of Indonesian students’"le"acquisition by using different methods such as comparative analysis,error analysis,etc.This research also proposes some suggestions on teaching to help Indonesian students improve on acquiring"le".Firstly,this research summarizes related research on Chinese ontology research and research on teaching Chinese to speakers of other languages to define the research content,research scope,research method and theoretical basis.Secondly,this research compares Chinese"le"with some related expressions in Indonesian"sudah"and points out the differences between the two in terms of part of speech,syntactic position and some other related aspects;On this basis,this paper conducts a preliminary observation from three different perspectives which are textbooks,teachers and students.This research further investigates the situation of Indonesian students’acquisition by using questionnaires and interviews with students and teachers.It is shown that Indonesian students first acquire"le₂"then"le₁";in terms of"le₁"acquisition,third-grade students are greatly influenced by their mother tongue,they tend to put verb and"le₁"in the wrong order,their mastery of other grammatical points is also relatively poor.Fifth-grade students are less influenced by their mother tongue and have better grasp on other grammatical points;in terms of"le₂"acquisition,third-grade and fifth-grade students often omit or miss out words,fifth-graders rarely overuse it,and as they learn more,they tend to confuse"le₂"with other contents.Based on the result of the survey,this research puts forward relevant teaching suggestions:avoid complex concepts,enhance language comparison,improve teachers’skill,complement the lack in"le"teaching and distinguish the difference of levels.