Spatial Analysis And Technological Research On The Zhou Period Pottery Kilns Of The Middle And Lower Yellow River Valley

This paper summarizes the archaeological sites and reports in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River,and takes in account over 200 pottery kilns discovered and excavated as research objects.Using archaeological typology,data interpretation and GIS spatial analysis,this thesis explores the spatial and temporal changes in the distribution of pottery kilns,the layout characteristics of pottery workshops,the origins and types of fired ceramic products,the improvement of the structural technology of the kilns,as well as the changes in pottery firing concepts in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River during the Zhou period.The full text is divided into four chapters:The first chapter introduces the origin,background and significance of this topic,presents the research method,and defines the temporal and spatial scope of the dataset.Through a brief history of the research on pottery kilns,the classification methods of pottery kilns of previous archaeologists are summarized,and the main research results on pottery kilns are introduced.In addition,the definition and identification of pottery workshops analyzed in this paper are comprehensively discussed,in order to provide a robust framework for this paper.The second chapter introduces the collected archaeological materials pertaining to the Zhou period pottery kilns in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River,according to the classification based on the structural elements of the kilns,further defining the properties of each type of kilns.After summarizing the structural development of pottery kilns from the Neolithic to the Zhou period,an attempt is made to explore the influencing factors that participated to this development process.The third chapter sorts out the data related to various pottery kiln structures through quantitative analysis,and demonstrates that there are obvious evolution stages in the kiln structures,using numerous statistical and graphical representations,providing a strong basis for further typological research.Chapter 4 focuses on the typological analysis of Zhou period pottery kilns in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River,which are divided into Atype(vertical pottery kilns)and B-type(flat-based pottery kilns)according to the relative position of the fire chamber and the kiln chamber.On this basis,through the observation of the changes of kilns pillars and kilns grates,A-type kilns are divided into Aa-sub-type(fixed kiln grate)and Ab-sub-type(movable kiln grate).B-type pottery kilns are divided into Ba-sub-type(round),Bb-sub-type(pearshaped)and Bc-sub-type(boat-shaped).These sub-types are then further subdivided according to the number of chimneys and flues,and according to the general popularity of tempering and insulation facilities in the later period.The results of this typological analysis were then mapped,using a GIS software,to carry out spatial analysis,shedding light on the main types of pottery kilns mainly used in each region during each period.This paper thus demonstrates that the Zhou period pottery kilns first show a strong continuity with the Shang period pottery kilns to then gradually form a new and unique system.This research further demonstrates that the spatial distribution of the main production centers shifted from the Guanzhong region to the western Henan,and that it clearly shows the impact of the the rise of south of the Shanxi and of the western Shandong regions during the Eastern Zhou period.Finally,the spatial analysis of the inner spatial structure of typical pottery workshop sites confirms the evolution of the above mentioned kilns types,and reveals the political and natural factors affecting the location and structural improvement of pottery kilns,it deepens our understanding of the influence of royal politics on the pottery handicraft industry...