Research On The Influence Of Return Probability And Return Amount Information On Trust Decision Under Time Pressure

In recent years,various kinds of telecom fraud occur frequently.By contacting the victims and creating urgency,reduce the response time of the victims,and promote the victims to make trust decisions in the limited time.In daily life,people often make trust decisions under time pressure,but the important role of time pressure and risk has been ignored in previous researches on trust decisions.In order to further explore the influence of time pressure and risk on trust decision,taking the probability of return and the amount of return as risk factors,the following three studies were designed: Study 1 explored the influence of time pressure on participants’ trust decisions;In study 2,we investigated whether trust decision is influenced by return probability and return amount when the expected value of risk option and certainty option is the same with or without time pressure.In study 3,we further investigated the effects of return probability and return amount on participants’ trust decisions when expected value is different with or without time pressure.In study 1,58 subjects were selected in a single-factor within-subjects design,time pressure(with/without)as the independent variable.Participants were required to complete two stages of the trust game decision task: the first stage required participants to make decisions under time pressure;In the second stage,participants were allowed to think and make a final decision.The results showed that:(1)There was no significant difference in the subjects’ decision making under time pressure;(2)The change index of the choice to change the initial decision did not reach 50%,indicating that the subjects rarely changed the initial choice even if there was enough time.In study 2,60 subjects were selected and a two-factor mixed design of 2(time pressure:with/without)× 3(risk level: low/medium/high)was adopted,in which time pressure was between-subjects designs and risk level was within-subjects design.The risk level is matched with different return probability and amount so that the expected value of both the risk option and certainty option are the same.In order to compare the difference of probability perception of subjects with and without time pressure,subjects were required to answer the subjective probability of each risk level after completing the trust game.The results of repeated measure variance analysis showed that:(1)The main effect of time pressure was significant.Compared to the no time pressure group,participants in the time pressure group showed risk seeking in trust decision.(2)The main effect of risk level was significant.At the high risk level,subjects showed risk aversion regardless of time pressure group;(3)The subjective probability of the group with time pressure was significantly lower than that of the group without time pressure;(4)The subjective probability of each risk level in time pressure group is lower than the given probability,while the subjective probability in without time pressure group is closer to the given probability.In study 3,88 subjects were selected and a three-factor mixed design of 2(time pressure:with/without)× 3(return probability: 30%/50%/70%)× 3(return amount: 30/50/70)was adopted,in which the time pressure was between-subjects designs,and the return probability and return amount were within-subjects design.The results of repeated measure variance analysis showed that:(1)There is an interaction between time pressure and return probability.When the return probability was 50%,the risk behavior of the group without time pressure was significantly higher than that of the group with time pressure;(2)The main effect of return probability is significant.The higher the return probability,the more trust decision;(3)The main effect of return amount is significant.The higher the return,the more trust decision;(4)Subjects could make the optimal decision at the same probability among different expected value levels;(5)The subjective probability of subjects was lower than the given probability neither with or without time pressure.Based on the above research results,the return probability and return amount are important factors affecting individual trust decision.When the expected value of the two options was the same,the trust decision of the time pressure group was significantly more than that of the no time pressure group.The same results were not observed when expected value is different.The results of this study provide a theoretical reference for how the return probability and return amount with risk influence individuals’ decisions in trust games under time pressure.