A Study Of Pre-Qin Confucian Argumentation Proses

The pre-Qin Confucian argumentation proses are important parts of the proses of the pre-Qin Zhuzi,which have been studied continuously for thousands of years with rich research results.In recent years,the attention to the rational thinking of these essays has gradually entered the research field of scholars,which brings a new atmosphere to the research of the pre-Qin Zhuzi.Therefore,a systematic study on the evolution of Confucian argumentation proses in pre-Qin Dynasty has become a subject of practical significance and academic value.This paper uses logic and thinking knowledge to analyze the reasoning methods and characteristics of The Analects of Confucius,Mencius and Xunzi,in order to expand the vision and thinking of the study of the pre-Qin Confucian argumentation proses.This article is divided into five chapters.The first chapter introduces the reasoning methods and performance characteristics of The Analects of Confucius.Confucius interpreted "benevolence" with a deductive consistent method,which reflected the commonality of emotion and reason.The use of dialectical two-terminal reasoning aims to reconcile the contradiction between the slave-owner class and the landlord class.In order to ease the contradiction between the both,Confucius inherited the discourse construction mode of the humble words of the historians,and infiltrated the mode in the teaching process,which directly contributed to the relativity of truth in The Analects of Confucius.The second chapter introduces the reasoning methods and performance characteristics of Mencius.Mencius reasoned with a deductive dilemma,especially in the fables,and the sustenance of the fables has also become a prominent feature of the reasoning in Mencius.Using deductive chain method reasoning,the concept of political ethics is further introduced into the field of thinking logic,and it effectively promotes Mencius’ s theory of "human’s good nature" and the concept of "benevolent government".At the same time,Mencius pays attention to the application of logical laws such as the law of identity,the law of contradiction,and the law of excluded middle,which reflects the flexibility of the reasoning skills of Mencius.The third chapter introduces the reasoning methods and performance characteristics of Xunzi.Xunzi reasoned by analogy,the use of analogy is the embodiment of advocating his theory of "human’s evil nature" and " advocating rites".In order to clarify these thoughts,Xunzi used natural phenomena,human nature,and historical facts to prove it,which reflects the similarity of the reasoning in Xunzi.The use of syllogism to express opinions reflects Xunzi’s appreciation of the gentleman’s personality.At the same time,the use of the progressive structure,total score structure,parallel structure,and the analysis method of cause and effect,which enhanced the rigor of Xunzi’s reasoning.The fourth chapter discusses the performance of the rational thinking evolution of the pre-Qin Confucian argumentation proses.From The Analects of Confucius to Mencius and then to Xunzi,the system has experienced the evolution from the quotation style to the dialogue style,and then to the monograph style;the language has experienced the development from the concise style to the complex style,and then to the meticulous style;The evolution of style has experienced the evolution from moral force to emotional force,and then to logical force.The fifth chapter discusses the argumentation features of pre-Qin Confucian argumentation proses.It is mainly manifested in three aspects: dialectical logic permeates interpersonal communication,moral logic permeates concrete objects,and formal logic permeates social governance.In short,starting from the reasoning thinking of argumentation proses,this paper studies the pre-Qin Confucian argumentation proses which is a means to highlight the logical characteristics and speculative art of its argumentation,and is also a confirmation of the construction of the humanistic spirit and rational spirit of the pre-Qin Confucian philosophers.Although this paper analyzes and discusses the reasonal thinking evolution of pre-Qin Confucian argumentation proses,there are still some deficiencies such as insufficient evidence and insufficient depth of argumentation.