On The Dilemma And Reflection Of Eros In Milan Kundera’s Novels

The dilemma of eros is an important theme in Kundera’s novels.The divine love,which originated in ancient Greece,presents a comical,deformed and even misplaced state in Kundera’s works,and the characters are faced with the crisis of weightlessness and separation of spirit and flesh.Kundera presents various sexual dilemmas in the novel in multiple dimensions,and reflects on the social and cultural modernity including modern sexual desire.Through the outline and reflection of the plight of love,the writer explores the possibility of existence.In addition to the introduction and conclusion,the article is divided into three parts.This paper discusses the author’s deep intention behind the eros dilemma in Kundera’s novels from the perspectives of its generation,characteristics,purpose and reflection,combined with philosophy and sociology theories.The first chapter traces the connotation of love,and the evolution of love in several typical periods,trying to clarify the development of love,and find the dilemma of love in this process.Under the dual thought of spirit and flesh,the bias of either side will cause the problem of love,which makes love naturally in a dilemma.The idea of the duality of spirit and flesh originated in ancient Greece,intensified and pushed to the extreme in the Middle Ages.The supremacy of spirit will lead to the isolation and rigidity of love,and the return of flesh will make love face the possibility of ontological crisis.If the contradiction of spirit and flesh is the dilemma that love begins from tradition,then the loss of absolute value is the crisis of love that belongs only to modern times.With the decline of absolute value and the rise of relative value,the object of love is no longer unique,and the purpose of love is no longer serious.This,in Kundera’s writing,is reflected in the discovery of comedy and kitsch in erotic stories.The "absence" of eros is a special attribute originating from tradition and extending to modern times,which also determines the paradox of action and result in eros.The ancient Greek interpretation of the lack of love has been further developed in the modern context,and the distinction between desire and demand has been more clear about the paradox of "absence" of love.The more we seek in love,the more distant we are from what we seek.Kundera’s characters often find themselves in such a predicament when the intention of an action contradicts the result.The second chapter discusses the characteristics of the erotic dilemma in Kundera’s novels.Due to the loss of value in the modern context,eros loses its seriousness,and eros stories are presented in two typical scenarios: comic comedy and suicide farce,which Kundera takes care of and discusses the problem of kitsch.At the same time,through the exploration of the two paths of forgetting contradiction and subverting order,the eternal proposition of the relationship between spirit and flesh in love is reconsidered.In addition,through the analysis of the structure of desire and the discussion of the misalignment of action and result,the paradox of love stories in Kundera’s novels can be explained.Compared with the original love,the character’s love is a deformed love,and the dislocation is manifested in the paradox of the ending.In love,the original intention and result of the character’s actions always show the characteristics of paradox,which involves the relationship between self and other.Furthermore,the character always faces the problem of being trapped in self.Or the question of the usurper.On the whole,there is a contrast structure including light and heavy,relative and absolute concepts in the eros dilemma,in which the comical,the incongruity of spirit and flesh and the paradox of eros are highlighted.The third chapter,following the second chapter,analyzes the multiple purposes of the eros dilemma in Kundera’s novels.On the one hand,Kundera’s sexual dilemma in the novel is closely related to his political persecution and exile life.On the other hand,through dialogue with tradition,Kundera explored the ethical dilemmas of modern eros.Blind adherence to reason causes people to face social and ethical crises.Kundera keenly grasped the cause of the dilemma and reflected on it in an aesthetic way.It can be said that Kundera’s appeal to the importance of thinking is consistent with his aesthetic pursuit of novels.By revealing the illusory nature of the metaphysical desire structure,Kundera contains a deep understanding of the truth of the novel in the outline of the eros dilemma.The last section is a modern reflection on the dilemma of eros.European novels reveal people’s perception of self and world with non-serious game spirit,and reconcile and resolve the crisis of modernity caused by excessive rationality through the exploration of existence possibility,which is similar to Kundera’s exploration of eros irrationality.The simple and firm statement of the position cannot solve the problem from the root,and only by changing the aesthetic definition of the dualism of good and evil can we escape the paradox of modernity.By changing the dualistic thinking and finding a positive and dynamic balance,the deformation and dislocation in the dilemma of eros are expected to be mediated.By establishing a pure relationship between self and others,the individual’s autonomy and ability to perceive love are restored.On this basis,we recognize the subjectivity of others and reduce the encroachment of self on others.When the self truly finds and recognizes the other,there is also the possibility of getting out of the predicament of Eros.