Research On The Translation And Publication Of The Old Man And The Sea In China(1952-2020)

The novel The Old Man and the Sea by Ernest Hemingway was published in 1952 and later translated into Chinese.So far,the novel has been translated and introduced in China for about70 years.The total number of Chinese translations of The Old Man and the Sea has reached 622 by the end of 2020,according to the data from the National Library of China and duxiu.com,as well as sales statistics from Confucius old book.com,dangdang.com and other prominent book-sales websites.The large amount of data reveals that the novel has gotten a lot of attention in many fields,including domestic literary translation and publishing.The thesis examines the translation and introduction of The Old Man and the Sea in China from 1952 to 2020 by means of translation case analysis and overall description based on published data of Chinese translations.In addition to the introduction,the next four sections make up the majority of the thesis.The first part discusses the basic situation of the translation and publication of The Old Man and the Sea in China.At this stage,in addition to the publishing process of different Chinese versions,Eileen Chang’s translation was released in 1952,and Haiguan’s translation was born in1956,both of which are strongly tied to Chinese and American political and cultural contexts during the Cold War.The two translators rewrote and interpreted the novel with different translation strategies,which plays an essential role in the translation and introduction of The Old Man and the Sea.The second part concentrates on the preparatory stage of the translation and introduction of The Old Man and the Sea to the Chinese Mainland from Hong Kong and Taiwan districts.Combined with the publication of Chinese translations after the 1980 s,the translation,introduction and criticism of the novel gradually shifted from political analysis to literature itself,and extend to the thinking of cultural spirit.The re-translation and reconstruction of Santiago are the most visible manifestations of these new transformations.As a result,how to use Santiago to represent the translator’s concern for reality while also enriching the novel’s multi-level connotation in the trans-cultural voyage has become a topic of discussion at this point.The third part examines the evolution of many types of Chinese translations of The Old Man and the Sea since 2000,as guided and regulated by the new Chinese senior high school curriculum standard.Chinese education mechanism has contributed to the canonization of The Old Man and the Sea in China.This mechanism is not only the manifestation of cultural power,but also makes the “code hero” of Santiago and Hemingway’s concise language style constitute the student readers’ recognition of the classic characteristics of The Old Man and the Sea.The final part focuses on how,since Hemingway’s copyright was released into the public domain,the publication of Chinese translations of The Old Man and the Sea has exploded.Both the packaging and publicity of Chinese translations by publishing houses,as well as the translation activities of translators,are primarily designed to meet the reading expectations and consumption needs of various types of readers in the current context of consumer culture,which is obviously commercial.And under the influence of the context of consumer culture,The Old Man and the Sea,a classic work of world literature,has been transformed into a general cultural consumer good circulating in the book market thanks to the collaboration of publishing houses and translators.