A Study Of Four Character Words In Vernacular Short Stories Of The Ming Dynasty

Dating vocabulary research is an indispensable part of language research.Chinese in the Ming Dynasty is in the late development stage of modern Chinese and plays a role of connecting the past and the future.It not only inherits Medieval Chinese,but also breeds modern Chinese.It is an important corpus for analyzing modern Chinese vocabulary.Therefore,this thesis selects a small point from the large plane of modern Chinese Vocabulary-the four character words of the vernacular short stories of the Ming Dynasty as the research object.This thesis is divided into five chapters.The first chapter is the introduction of the thesis.At present,a large number of documents have carried out in-depth vocabulary research around the corpus of long and short vernacular stories in the modern Chinese period,but the research on chronological Chinese vocabulary based on the vocabulary in a certain historical period is still relatively weak.Through the exhaustive investigation of the total collection of vernacular short stories in the Ming Dynasty,this thesis summarizes that there are 22 published collections of vernacular short stories in the Ming Dynasty,describes and analyzes the four character words contained in the vernacular short stories in the Ming Dynasty in these 22 collections,reveals their characteristics and laws,and can further expand and deepen the object and category of the study of modern Chinese words,It is helpful to investigate the development and basic appearance of four character words in the Ming Dynasty,reflect the social reality and customs and culture of the Ming Dynasty,and provide basis and reference for the study of Chinese vocabulary history.Chapter two to chapter four are the main content of this thesis.The second chapter first passes cucbst3 0 Chinese word segmentation software segmented the text of 22 vernacular short stories of the Ming Dynasty.In order to eliminate computer segmentation errors and improve the accuracy of word segmentation,manual intervention was carried out and the word segmentation results were processed by the software.According to statistics,the number of four character words in vernacular short stories in the Ming Dynasty is14944,of which 5853 are non repeated.The high-frequency four character words in the vernacular short stories of the Ming Dynasty reflect all aspects of ordinary people’s daily life,especially the four character words that reflect the love between young men and women or the light of the world.The frequency of the four character words is very high,and the low-frequency four character words also reflect the social reality at that time.The third chapter describes and analyzes the four character words in the vernacular short stories of the Ming Dynasty based on the data statistical analysis of the corpus.From the perspective of grammatical structure,the structural types of four character words in vernacular short stories of the Ming Dynasty show diversified characteristics,including joint structure,modifier-head structure,subject-predicate structure,verb-object structure,supplementary structure,overlapping structure and serial verb construction.Among them,the number of combined four character words is the largest,accounting for 50.58%.On this basis,the second layer of grammatical structure analysis is carried out.Among them,the joint structure of four character lattice words can be divided into five categories,such as "modifier-head construction + modifier-head construction " combined structure,and 24 sub categories,such as "adjective + noun · adjective + noun ".The internal grammatical structure shows obvious symmetry.The modifier-head structure of four character words can be divided into two categories: attributive-centred structure and adverbial-centred structure.Subject predicate four character words can be divided into "two syllable subject + two syllable predicate" and "one syllable subject + three syllable predicate".Because the number of disyllabic verbs is small in modern Chinese,the number of verb object structure of four character words composed of disyllabic verbs and disyllabic objects is also small.The head word of supplementary structure of four character words is generally disyllabic,and the complement is disyllabic,and the number is not large.In terms of appearance,the vernacular short stories of the Ming Dynasty contain 359 double overlapping four character words,587 involving number four character words and 218 pairs of four character words in reverse order.This thesis analyzes these three special forms of four character words,and explains their basic distribution,types,collocation format,combination law,evolution and formation way,formation motivation and future development in the vernacular short stories of the Ming Dynasty.The fourth chapter analyzes the social characteristics reflected by the four character words in the vernacular short stories of the Ming Dynasty.Language reflects the changes of social life,so the four character words in the vernacular short stories of the Ming Dynasty reflect the life of the Ming Dynasty.In this thesis,the four character words related to the fields of political life,economic life and cultural life in the vernacular short stories of the Ming Dynasty are aggregated into one category to describe the social characteristics of the Ming Dynasty,so as to understand some aspects of the political,economic and cultural life of the Ming Dynasty.The fifth chapter is the conclusion of the thesis,which systematically summarizes the characteristics and laws of four character words in vernacular short stories of the Ming Dynasty.