A Study On Impersonation In Imperial Examinations In Miao Areas Of Guizhou During The Qing Dynast

Historically,many people have used opportunistic methods to gain fame.In order to reduce competition and increase Chinese-style opportunities,scholars from areas with high humanities levels have sought refuge and sought ways to pass off as native places to take exams in remote areas with high admission rates,known as "fake registration".The issue of counterfeit registration did not originate in the Qing Dynasty,but the number or probability of counterfeit registration in the Qing Dynasty was higher than in other dynasties.There are only sporadic research papers on the issue of Maoji in Guizhou in the academic community,and there is no systematic and complete research.This article uses the archives collected by the First Historical Archives,the local chronicles of Guizhou,and the "Records of the Qing Dynasty" to explore the Maoji in the Miao and Miao areas of Guizhou in the Qing Dynasty.Apart from the introduction and conclusion,it is mainly divided into four chapters.The first chapter describes the background of the implementation of the imperial examination in the Miao area of Guizhou Province.First,it summarizes the general situation of the Miao area of Guizhou Province in the Qing Dynasty,mainly describing the changes in the return of land and the establishment of prefectures and counties.The establishment of national administrative divisions has brought the Miao area into integrated management,placing culture and education on the agenda,and paying attention to the new prefectures and counties;Second,the establishment of education in the Miao area of Guizhou in the Qing Dynasty:the establishment of government schools,state schools,county schools,voluntary schools,social schools,and academies in the Miao area,clarifying the situation of education in the Miao area;The third is the imperial examination in the Miao area of Guizhou in the Qing Dynasty,including the number of students enrolled in the imperial examination,the number of secondary examinations,and the number of tribute students.This reflects the favorable conditions for the imperial examination and the growing education in the Miao area.The second chapter analyzes the manifestations of the fake registration in the Miao area of Guizhou in the Qing Dynasty,which can be divided into two aspects:cross regional and cross registered residence registration.Specifically,it can be divided into the fake registered residence registration,the fake business registration,the fake minority quota occupied by the fake national registration,and the fake national registration of the untouchable class.Analyze specific cases and court punishment measures based on the materials involved in the archives,gain an understanding of the overall history of scholars and Maoji,and demonstrate the popularity of academic positions in remote ethnic minority areas.The third chapter describes the reasons for the emergence of counterfeit books in the Miao area of Guizhou in the Qing Dynasty,analyzes them from both objective and subjective factors,and combines the regulations recorded in ancient books to explore the reasons for the counterfeit books of the imperial examinations of scholars from political and economic aspects.The fourth chapter describes the impact of counterfeit registration on the Miao area in Guizhou.The Qing government had specific regulations on the occurrence and prevention of counterfeit registration.Although to some extent,they had curbed the occurrence of counterfeit registration,but they did not take drastic measures,which had a certain impact on the literary style of the region,causing severe conflicts between natives and foreigners,and also affecting the fairness of the examination,which was not conducive to the implementation of the imperial examination.At the same time,the emergence of fake registration is closely related to the attitude of local officials,further reflecting the existence of mutual protection between officials and corruption.