Research On The Statues Of The "Twelve Bodhisattvas" In The Avatamsaka Sutr

Buddhist statues are an important means for the dissemination and propaganda of Buddhism,as well as an easy-to-understand and visualized way of image transmission of religious doctrines.The visualization of theoretical religious doctrines by artistic means not only makes Buddhist statues become the main symbol of image and secularization of religious doctrines,but also the comprehensive embodiment of the characteristics of the times,ideology,figurative thinking,and artistic aesthetics.Through combing and exploring the text of The Sutra of Perfect Enlightenment and two typical "Yuanjue Daochang" in Sichuan and Chongqing,this paper summarizes the carving basis of the twelve Bodhisattvas of Yuanjue in Sichuan,and on this basis,analyzes the faith,culture and artistic connotation of the statue,and comprehensively grasps the statue of the twelve Bodhisattvas of Yuanjue in terms of religion,culture,region,carving logic and artistic style.Among the images of Yuanjue Sutra in Sichuan and Chongqing,the Dazu Rock Carvings Baoding Mountain Yuanjue Cave and Anyue Huayan Cave are well preserved and independently formed into the"Yuanjue Taoist Temple".The political and economic stability of Sichuan and Chongqing in the Song Dynasty,the mixture of beliefs and strong inclusiveness,and the elegant style of the Song people who love flowers and wear flowers,formed the unique calm and feminine aesthetic characteristics of the Song Dynasty.The original image of the Yuanjue Sutra comes from The Sutra of Perfect Enlightenment,which has the characteristics of "dividing and sharing Huayan".It is practiced by Huayan,Zen and Tantrism,and highly respected by the Mizen master of Guifeng Sect.Its thought is popular in Sichuan and Chongqing.Combining with the background of the image of the Song Dynasty summarized in the previous article,the Yuanjue Sutra transformation has realized the transformation from the classics to the images,and the cause of the Yuanjue Sutra transformation has been analyzed.In the study of the statues of the Twelve Bodhisattvas of Yuanjue,this paper first makes a comprehensive comparison of the statues in different regions,then summarizes and combs the hair crown,magic tools,hand prints and posture of the Bodhisattva,and finally connects the classics with the images to explain the long history between the statues and the culture.The statue of the Twelve Bodhisattvas of Yuanjue is the embodiment of the concentration of beliefs,culture and art in Sichuan and Chongqing due to the particularity and representativeness of its attachment to scriptures,chiseling times and artistic techniques.The externalization of its localized Buddhist sectarian ideas,the embodiment of folk customs,and the secular art of the times are actually a typical form of the sinicization of the statue.