Study On The Costumes Of Figures In Mural Tombs Of The Song Dynast

This paper focuses on the costumes of the figures in 33 mural tombs of the Song Dynasty.These tombs range from the Tiansheng Year of Zhenzong in the Northern Song Dynasty to the Jingding Year of Lizong in the Southern Song Dynasty.They are mainly concentrated in the late Northern Song Dynasty,with the majority of tombs in Henan.These tomb murals are mainly divided into two categories:the life scene pictures around the tomb owner’s family reflecting the life of the tomb owner and the filial piety pictures with educational significance.The costumes in these tomb murals of the Song Dynasty are relatively clear,including 165 male images and 134 female images.In this paper,the costumes of the figures reflected in these tomb murals are classified according to the first clothing,body clothing and foot clothing.In terms of first clothing,the first clothing for men is divided into four categories:crown,Futou,default and towel,and the first clothing for women is divided into two categories:crown and towel.In terms of body clothing,the ancient body clothing can be divided into two categories:the separate system of upper and lower clothing and the joint system of upper and lower clothing.The male body clothing can be divided into three categories:the uniform of upper and lower clothing,the separate system of upper and lower clothing and trousers.The female body clothing can be divided into three categories:the uniform of upper and lower clothing,the Ru skirt and trousers of upper and lower clothing.In terms of foot clothing,men’s foot clothing is divided into boots and shoes,while women’s foot clothing is only shoes.After statistical analysis of the clothing types in these murals,it can be concluded that the first clothes of the figures in the murals are mainly scarves for men and crowns for women.In terms of body clothing,men mainly wear gowns and women mainly wear Ru skirts.Footwear is mainly worn by men and women.The most common male figure in the tomb murals is wearing a black soft towel,a round neck narrow sleeve robe,and shoes;The female image is wearing a tiara or a topknot,with a bodice on the top and a long or short stick on the outside,a high waist Ru skirt on the lower garment,and slender head raising shoes on the feet.The identities of the tomb owners of these Song Dynasty mural tombs are mostly small and medium-sized landlords in villages and towns without official positions.From the costumes of the figures presented in these tomb murals,the costumes in the tomb murals are mainly daily civilian costumes.The costumes are relatively uniform in shape,practical and simple in style.The characteristics of these costumes in the tomb murals of the Song Dynasty are related to the funeral policy of the Song Dynasty,the development of economy and private ownership of land,and the revival of neo Confucianism.The Song Dynasty has always pursued the policy of thin burial,and the reduction of accompanying objects makes the tomb murals restore the life of the tomb owner as much as possible,and the costumes in the murals show daily characteristics.The private ownership of land was further developed in the Song Dynasty.Many common landlords gained wealth through land annexation but did not have official positions.There was no obvious hierarchical difference in the costume shapes in the murals.The murals reflecting real life did not have official costume styles.The Song Dynasty was another peak period for the development of Confucianism.The pragmatic concept was deeply rooted in the hearts of the people.The clothing style in the tomb murals was very simple,and most of them were practical clothing,showing a clothing style with the characteristics of the common people in the Song Dynasty.