Study On The “Hunan School” Of Calligraph

The movement of ancient writing in Tang Dynasty provided an opportunity for the rise of NeoConfucianism in Northern Song Dynasty.The Tang and Song dynasties,along with the economic center,a large number of people have moved south,and the Huxiang area rose again after a long silence.Starting from Zhou Dunyi,Confucianism has taken root in the Huxiang area,so it has formed a regional Confucian school on the basis of economic and ideological integrity,which is the Huxiang school.Initially,Hu Anguo and Hu Hong lived in Southern Yue Hengshan to create Biquan College to study academics.This is the origin of the Huxiang School.Later,through Shigu school and Yuelu school,it continued to the Qing Dynasty,and a large number of talents were cultivated.Their philosophical thoughts had a key influence on the formation of the calligraphy style in the Hunan area.First of all,this paper takes the "Huxiang School" calligraphers as the research object,intending to explore the construction of the ideological system of calligraphy under the control of the Neo Confucianism thought of the representative calligraphers of this group.Firstly,it shows the dialectic of the relationship between calligraphy,extending from "writing to convey Tao" to "using books to preach" and "books and Taoism",focusing on the cultivation function of calligraphy,and then showing "respect" and "cautiousness".And finally aimed at being practical.Secondly,the scholars of the Huxiang School are Neo-Confucians,literati,and loyal calligraphers.The Huxiang School’s Neo-Confucianism system based on "nature" has created a calligraphy style that is different from other ordinary scholars.They advocate calligraphy in the Jin and Song Dynasties,attaches great importance to the pursuit of the nature of the world and the expression of personal subjective emotions.Even so,the Huxiang School adheres to the aesthetic standard of "neutrality" of traditional Confucianism,and also pays attention to neutrality and tolerance in calligraphy.Under the influence of the Neo Confucian thought of the Huxiang School and the customs and culture of the Huxiang area,the calligraphers of the Huxiang School showed a spirit of fortitude and kindness which was different from other regional schools.Second of all,through the existing calligraphy in the Huxiang area,we can have a glimpse of the overall appearance of the Huxiang calligraphy style under the influence of the Huxiang School.The main areas of activity of the Huxiang School are Yuelu Academy in Changsha and Nanyue Mountain in Hengyang.A large number of calligraphy and stone inscriptions formed under the field of Neo-Confucianism are mostly NeoConfucianism-based,and their calligraphy style and content contain Neo-Confucianism thoughts of the time.Beyond the two places,the Yongzhou cliff carvings are also full of traditional Confucian moral and ethical spirits,and their large size and immortal spirit are also closely related to Neo Confucianism.Finally,through the exploration of the style of calligraphy in the Republic of China in Huxiang,this paper explores the ideological traces left by the Huxiang School after its transformation.Since the Republic of China,the decline of the Huxiang School has ushered in new changes in Huxiang calligraphy,but its calligraphy still shows the remaining traces of the spirit of Hunan School.Since the end of the Qing Dynasty,the traditional Confucianism was impacted by the new culture.After the Republic of China,the Huxiang School gradually faded away.During this period,calligraphy was also liberated from the traditional Confucianism.The artistic quality of calligraphy surpassed practicality.Calligraphers of different classes represented by Zeng Xi,Qi Baishi and Tan Yankai promoted this new change in the art of calligraphy in their respective fields.At the same time,the spirit left by the traditional Huxiang School is also vividly displayed in this group of people.The Huxiang School attaches great importance to education and literature,and the scholars of the Huxiang School are also very accomplished in calligraphy.In the process of spreading Neo Confucianism,their ideas have had a profound impact on the calligraphy culture in the Hunan area.