From The Royal Capital To The Border Town: Fengxiang Town And Jingyuan Town In Tang Poetr

Fengxiang Town and Jingyuan Town are the important frontier defensive prefectures in the middle and later periods of the Tang Dynasty,which were located in the west of the capital.But before the Rebellion of An and Shi,the four states of Qi,Long,Jing and Yuan under the control of the two towns were originally in the territory of Guanzhong Basin and Wang Ji.From the territory of Guanzhong Basin and Wang Ji to the important frontier defensive prefectures,its regional significance changed,and so did administrative division and political territory in the Tang Dynasty.As the most representative literary style of the Tang Dynasty,poetry also has more reflection of this change.This paper attempts to observe such changes under the pen of contemporary people through poetry,and also tries to depict the image of Fengxiang Town and Jingyuan Town in the poem.Before the construction of military governor,the Qi,Long,Jing and Yuan states have obvious "Wangji" characteristics in politics,geography,culture and other aspects.In the writing of literati who follow the emperor,traveling poets and Other kinds of poets,the Qi state closest to the capital is a adjuvant place to promote political style,and a center of group responsory between the monarch and his subjects or among officials;the important passes and fortresses in the four states,include Xiaog uan pass in the north,Longshan in the west and San-kuan Pass in the south,are the demarcation lines of the political and cultural areas;the outline of the four states is also clear about boundaries.In the mirror of poems,the boundaries of the four states are clear in politics,geography and culture aspects,so the four states have closer connection with the capital.After the construction of military governor,the group of Ganye poets and literati in the shogunate sprang up,and they wrote poems about Ganye and shogunate.The arguable Ganye poets included Geng Wei,Li Duan,Lu Lun,Dai Shulun,Han Yu,Jia Dao and Yu Fu.Most of them had travelled Chang’an before or after their Ganye activities,and sprang up during or after the Tang Dezong period in which the relationship between Tang and Tubo was relatively peaceful.Literati in the shogunate mainly includes Shen Yazhi,Li Shangyin and Han Wo.They are different in reasons and mentality into the shogunate,due to the changes of the relationships between two towns and the court,two towns and Tubo.As the the important frontier defensive prefectures to resist Tubo during the middle and later periods of the Tang Dynasty,the most important roles of Fengxiang Town and Jingyuan Town governor are the military governor under the control of the court and frontier defence to resist Tubo.In poetry of the middle and later periods of the Tang Dynasty,the two towns are obedient as well as treasonable,which are mainly reflected in the shogunate farewell poems and the poetry about the rebellion of two towns.In the mirror of poems,the frontier defensive measures mainly includes transfer autumn-defensive army,build counterguard and operate land reclamation.And the two military governor are generally in peaceful status in poems,which might be connected to the protecting defence policy the Tang government had implemented for a long time.