Research On Parsons' Cultural Though

In The Structure of Social Action,Parsons critically inherited the cultural theories of Weber,Marshall,Durkheim,Pareto,Freud and Malinowski,completed the construction of the basic framework of cultural system theory,highlighted the core position of common value in the action system,and highlighted the key role of ultimate value in the construction of common value system.His theory is regarded as an important solution to the problem of heterogeneous culture in the modern western world and provides the methodology of internalizing theoretical models for the study of cultural philosophy.By criticizing the traditional methodology,Parsons demonstrated that the cultural entity with common value as its connotation,and with the characteristics of congeniality,experience and transcendence,universality and particularity,has the functions of guidance,cognition and evaluation.Parsons’ cultural system theory mainly includes two aspects.First,Parsons explained the mechanism of cultural system.He divided action system into cultural system,social rule and personality system.Common value is the core of cultural system and the value orientation of action system.It is institutionalized into social order and internalized into personality system.Second,Parsons analyzes the internal logic of cultural system,which divides common values into abstract forms and concrete contents.Ultimate value is the abstract form of common value,which reflects the attitude of the social community towards the concrete content,among which,Carisma symbolizes "criticism and transcendence",traditionalism symbolizes "submission and acceptance",ultimate value determines the final trend of common value.Parsons’ cultural system theory aims at constructing common value system,which is an answer to the question of social integration.From the perspective of cultural system theory,whether common values get into trouble in the process of rationalizing into social order depends on the ultimate value attitude.Therefore,we must break through the rationalization dilemma from the ultimate value,or strengthen the organic common value system through differentiation,or use the anomia to promote the collapse of the rigid common value system.After the anomic society is in urgent need of cultural integration,Parsons requires the reconstruction of the common value system,with the construction of common ultimate value as the integration goal,the interaction process institutionalized into the ultimate value.However,from the perspective of Marxist philosophy,Parsons’ cultural system theory has an unavoidable theoretical limitation,which ignores the practical role of man and misunderstands the modernity problem.In short,we must analyze the Parsons cultural system theory dialectically and objectively,drawing on its beneficial components reasonably,so as to provide reference for our country to deal with the hetero cultural conflicts in the context of globalization.In short,we must analyze the Parsons cultural system theory dialectically and objectively,drawing on its beneficial components reasonably,so as to provide reference for our country to deal with the hetero cultural conflicts in the context of globalization.