The Research Of Cui Xian’s Philoso Phical Ideas

Cui Xian is a great and mellow scholar in the middle of the Ming Dynasty.Cui Xian is an important figure in the history of Luoxue in He Nan.He is listed in the case of Confucianism in the Ming Dynasty,the biography of Confucianism in the Ming Dynasty and the compilation of Luoxue.Under the general trend of the rise of mind learning and the relative decline of Zhu learning in the middle of the Ming Dynasty,Cui Xian adhered to the sole religion of Cheng Zhu.At the same time,he developed Cheng Zhu theory in the debate and communication with Qi scholars and mind scholars,and formed his own characteristic Neo Confucianism thought.Cui Xian made extensive contacts with scholars of different schools in the middle of the Ming Dynasty.He was as famous as Wang Tingxiang and He Jingming.He was one of the representatives of Luoxue in the Ming Dynasty.The study of Cui Xian’s Neo Confucianism is of great significance to improve the history of Luoxue and comprehensively grasp the development context of Luoxue.Cui Xian’s Neo Confucianism thought is loyal to Yiluo and highly praises Cheng and Zhu’s personality and scholarship.Its inheritance is undoubtedly a vein of Luoxue.However,while he highly praised Er Cheng’s Neo Confucianism,he also had his own independent opinions,which were not limited to Cheng Zhu.For example,on the relationship between Qi and Li,Cui Xian’s view is different from that of Cheng Zhu and similar to that of Wang Tingxiang and Luo Qinshun.He believes that "there is no difference in Qi and Li is the order of Qi,with the tendency of" Qi based theory ".In terms of the relationship between mind,nature and reason,Cui Xian criticizes Zhu Xi,believes that the heart is the body of Xing,Xing is produced by relying on the heart,and regards the heart as the basis and source of Xing.While affirming Mr.Yichuan’s proposition that "Xing is reason",Cui Xian opposes the view of both Xing and Li,advocates returning to the view of pre Confucianism and discussing the relationship between Xin and Xing from the perspective of human nature.In the aspect of time theory for learning,Cui Xian emphasizes the role of determination,and advocates that scholars should pay attention to self-examination and improve themselves.Cui Xian agrees with the time of advocating calmness and cautious independence,but especially expounds the concept of "calmness",and opposes the empty style of study of blindly sitting and understanding.Cui Xian opposes superstition of ghosts and gods and uses the gathering and dispersion of Qi to explain destiny and ghosts and gods.Cui Xian strongly attacked Wang Yangming’s mind learning,calling it "Confucian hegemony",and had an academic debate with Zhan Ruoshui and other mind scholars.Cui Xian opposed the practice of "entering Confucianism with Zen" and attacked the emptiness of empty talk.In order to distinguish the meaning of reason and expound his own point of view,Cui Xian has written many works of Neo Confucianism,such as Huan Ci,Reading Yi Yu Yan,Shi Yi,Cheng Zhi,Zhong Shuo Kao and so on.At the same time,Cui Xian was also one of the pioneers in the development of Shi Xue in the Ming Dynasty.Adhering to the view that "the people are the foundation of the country",he inherited the Confucian tradition of humanism and advocated that the government should benefit the people in order to consolidate social order and maintain national stability.Cui Xian’s thought has the characteristics of "converging on reality" and pays attention to the people’s livelihood.He has written practical works such as political discussion and Zhangde official records,which has made his own contribution to the development of Shi Xue and the spread of Central Plains culture.Deeply influenced by the Central Plains culture,Cui Xian was one of the representatives of the inheritance and development of Zhongzhou Luoxue in the Ming Dynasty,which had a certain impact on the development of Luoxue in later generations.Cui Xian spent most of his life at home in Anyang,taking a serious examination of history,compromising the group’s words,and writing constantly.He always adhered to the upright and unyielding attitude towards life and academic attitude.Adhering to Luo Xue’s style and absorbing the advantages of others,Cui Xian formed a theoretical system that attached importance to reality and opposed empty talk,which inspired the later practical thought.The value of Cui Xian’s Neo Confucianism has not been fully explored,but he should occupy its due important position in the history of Luo and the history of Central Plains thought.