The Implementation Of The Unified Purchase And Sale Policy Of Grain In Xuchang Prefecture In The Early Days Of The Founding Of New Chin

The unified purchase and sale of grain is one of the "three major battles" carried out on the financial front in the early days of the founding of New China,and has an important historical position.The policy started in 1953 and ended in 1985.In the past 32 years,the unified grain purchase and sales policy has had a profound impact on my country’s economy and society.Therefore,it is necessary to review the grain policy in the early days of the founding of New China.At the same time,observing farmers’attitudes and cadres’ behaviors under the implementation of the unified purchase and sale policy from a micro perspective can provide reflections on how to properly handle the relationship between the state,grass-roots political power and farmers to a certain extent.This article takes the relationship between the government,cadres and farmers in the early stage of the implementation of the unified grain purchase and sales policy as the object of investigation,and focuses on analyzing farmers’ behavior and the government’s response.Based on local archives,the author systematically analyzes the research object,and strives to achieve "discussion from history".This article is divided into three chapters:The first chapter introduces the background of the unified grain purchase and sales policy.After land reform,the productivity of rural areas has increased,and the living standards and living conditions of farmers have been greatly improved.At the same time,due to various factors such as industrial development,market speculation and farmers’ reluctance to sell,the food supply in the market is in crisis.Therefore,the state began to promote the policy of unified purchase and sales of grain.The second and third chapters are the main part of this paper,mainly analyzing the interaction between farmers and the government in the early stage of the implementation of the unified grain purchase and sales policy in the local area.Farmers in Xuchang Prefecture had a variety of reactions when they first came into contact with the unified grain purchase policy.They were unwilling to sell grain for fear of revealing their wealth,and they also sold grain "following the flow".Aiming at the behavior of farmers in this area in the process of selling grain,the author uses the moral economic theory in peasant studies as a tool to analyze the reasons.This paper argues that the long-term memory of farmers’ hunger and the weakening of traditional reciprocity mechanisms in the face of existential crisis make farmers understand the importance of households to store surplus grain,so there will be a mentality of resistance at the beginning of the implementation of food policy.Faced with the behavior of farmers in the process of selling grain,the government responded in terms of policies.First,it raised farmers’ awareness of selling surplus grain to the country by means of publicity,and secondly,it used newspapers as a medium to establish the honor of actively selling grain among farmers.Representatives came to promote the development of the unified grain purchase work.Based on the grain three-determination policy,the farmers’enthusiasm for production was stimulated by stabilizing farmers’ concerns about "no bottom for grain purchases",and finally the farmers’ enthusiasm for selling grain was stimulated through economic policies.In addition to government-level policies,the third chapter also discusses the "biased" response of grass-roots rural cadres in the face of farmers’ behavior,especially the restoration of the improper behavior of cadres in the process of implementing grain policies.Among them,Lu Tian The case of loyalty has drawn out the behaviors and attitudes of some grass-roots cadres towards passive grain-selling farmers,and further deepened their understanding of the "biased" behavior of cadres.