| As soon as Weishu was published,it caused controversy.Li Baiyao comments that there were many false records in the book,and many families and descendants appealed and argued.Wei Shou revises twice,finally can be published in the world.The evaluation of Weishu as "Huishi",which started from the record of the Beiqishu,aroused the debate of later scholars.And Liu Zhiji’s refutation of Weishu was more profound.Contemporary scholars even put forward that Liu Zhiji’s criticism of Wei Shou is an important discussion of the "Huishi" of Weishu.Viewing all the articles of Shitong,we can find that Liu Zhiji praise Wei Shou combined with the situation of times to increase "Shi Lao Zhi".Liu also praises Wei that the change of the table position,placed after the biography.In addition,he really severely criticizes Wei,and his criticism of the errors in Weishu was mainly in the three aspects of historical style compilation,false words and belittling of the Southern Dynasty.In terms of the style of historical books,the main criticism is plagiarism of historical books preface,confusion of titles,records beyond the limit;In terms of false words,they refute the titles and titles of history books,the evaluation of characters,the narration of history,and other self-praise and embellishment of false words;In respect of the view of respecting the northern and southern regimes,the main drawback is to praise the Northern Wei and adorn it with good words.To the southern regime,there are many false accusations.Analyzing the reason why Liu Zhiji criticizes Wei Shou.First,Li Baiyao evaluate the Weishu as a "Huishi",and Liu inherite the "Huishi" of the book.Second,it is closely related to Liu’s personal experience that he determines to cultivate history after reading historical records,but later fails to achieve his ambition and then writes Shitong.He intende to severely criticizes Weishu,and points out the shortcomings of many historical books in ancient and modern times.And he puts forward the standard of proper compilation of historical books.Third,Liu believes that there are many shortcomings in the historical museum’s compilation of national history,including inconsistent descriptions,insufficient materials,the opinions of officials cannot be evadable,the opinions of supervisors are not unified,and the lack of responsibilities.Weishu is the representative of the historical museum’s compilation of national history,so it was refuted by Liu.Fourthly,Weishu has a lot of absurd remarks,which conflicts with Liu’s idea of straight writing without concealment and truthful record.Liu held the cultural attitude of respecting rites and music and respecting the south.Through analyzing Liu Zhiji’s evaluation of Weishu,we can understand Liu’s realistic concern: he proposed that historical books should be flexible at any time and record the customs of the time,and must abandon the mechanical imitation of ancient history and the behavior of embellishment and hypocrisy;Historical books should be concise in style,clear in description and avoid multifarious;The narration of history books should be truthfully recorded and the function of history books to highlight the good and punish the evil should be brought into play.Because "Weishu" has many of the above shortcomings,so Liu Zhiji criticizes Wei to the later historians more advice,in order to avoid mistakes to make a good history. |
