Study On The Neolithic Settlements In Central And Southern Inner Mongolia

Central and Southern Inner Mongolia is located at the junction of the Central Plains farming culture circle and the northern grassland culture circle.Its Neolithic archaeological culture has a certain complexity,so it has become a research hotspot in academic circles.Taking the settlement sites as the research object,combined with the Neolithic archaeological cultural sequence in this area,this paper summarizes the temporal and spatial characteristics of the development and evolution of the settlement form and layout,and then analyzes the causes of its formation.The article mainly includes the following parts:Firstly,according to the differences of natural environment and the characteristics of settlement distribution,Central and Southern Inner Mongolia can be divided into the eastern and western regions.According to the time sequence of each site,the development sequence of Neolithic culture in this area is sorted out;on this basis,the location,area and number of house sites of typical settlements are analyzed.Secondly,it discusses the temporal and spatial characteristics of the development and evolution of Neolithic settlements in Central and Southern Inner Mongolia.In the early and middle period of Yangshao,the settlements in this area initially formed,showing a certain backwardness,not only a small number,but also a small area.Its distribution center was located in the eastern region,but there was no grade difference.In the late Yangshao period,the settlements in this area were further developed,the number of settlements in the eastern and western regions increased and there were large-scale settlements,but there was no obvious differentiation in grade.In the Longshan period,the settlements in this area entered a prosperous stage of development,with unique stone city sites and houses,covering large,medium and small settlements,and the scale of large settlements increased significantly.During this period,the stone city settlements and cave houses mainly appeared in the eastern area,indicates that it was still the center of settlements development in Central and Southern Inner Mongolia.Finally,by analyzing the geographical characteristics and climate types of Central and Southern Inner Mongolia,the factors influencing the development of Neolithic settlements in this region are discussed from the perspectives of people-environment relationship and cultural interaction.Its evolution trend reflects the relationship between people and environment in prehistoric society,which fully reflects the long-term mutual restriction and influence between people and their natural environment.In short,the development and evolution of Neolithic settlements in Central and Southern Inner Mongolia showed a temporal and regional imbalance,which had a great change during the Longshan Period.The difference of natural environment and the change of climatic conditions,people-environment relationship and cultural exchange and interaction all played an important role in promoting the evolution of settlement form and layout.