Temporal And Spatial Characteristics Of Officially Protected Sites In The Downtown Area Of Xi’an

As a thousand-year ancient capital,the long history has given Xi’an a rich cultural connotation and left many valuable legacy.The heritage left behind in this city has been preserved in different forms and become an important part of Xi’an.As an important protection system for unmovable cultural relics in China,cultural relics protection units have played a crucial role in the protection of cultural relics.This paper studies the temporal and spatial characteristics of cultural relics protection units in Xi’an downtown.Firstly,the analysis of attribute features of cultural relics protection units,including quantity,level,area,historical information,and types,was performed,and various attribute characteristics of cultural relics protection units in Xi’an were obtained.In addition,temporal characteristics and spatial analysis are performed to obtain historical evolutionary information of cultural relic protection units in space.According to the overall development plan of Xi’an City,Xi’an downtown area is divided into different stages.It focuses on the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of cultural relics protection units in different stages and their impact on urban landscape,urban road traffic,urban culture,urban outlook,and urban development direction.The analysis tool used in this paper is Arc Gis 10.2,which uses various spatial analysis methods such as nuclear density analysis,standard deviation ellipse analysis,etc.Through research,the main points are as follows:(1)The temporal characteristics of the cultural security organizations include two aspects.On one hand,the number of cultural relics protection units increases over time.On the other,the older the cultural relic protection units,the smaller the number,but the higher the general level,the largest number of which are modern cultural relics protection units.(2)The cultural relics protection units in the space are concentrated within the Ming City Wall and are in the form of "Ren".The spatial distribution direction has undergone two changes,from the“unclear feature of the main direction” to the “northwest-southeast” and then the“southwest-northeast”.In general,there is a contraction trend and the spatial pattern is polarized.(3)At different stages,the differences of distribution of cultural relics protection units and properties will have an impact on the urban pattern,urban road traffic,urban style,urban culture,and urban development direction,especially the large area of heritage relics protection units.The impact of officially protected sites on the urban pattern is reflected in the restrictions on spatial structure and functional zoning;the impact on urban traffic: the development direction of roads and the density of urban roads;and the impact on urban style:the surrounding features of cultural relics protection units and the architectural style zoning.Influence on city culture: Different cultural relics protection units have different cultural connotations and cultural atmosphere;influence on the direction of urban development: In the development direction of the cities in all phases,the large ruins areas in the north have been avoided.