Research On Trade In The Northern Dynastie

The Northern Dynasty was another period of great ethnic integration in China’s history.During this period,several ethnic minorities and their regimes emerged around the neighborhood.These groups and regimes had different trade relations with the Northern Dynasty regime at different stages and under different circumstances.After introducing the background of trade during the Northern Dynasty and the transportation route between the Northern Dynasty capital and various regions,we investigate the tribute trade,market trade,smuggling trade and the trade between the border officials,which specifically analyzes the characteristics of each trade and the reasons behind it.On the whole,it can be analyzed from the three aspects of trade type,period of occurrence,trade characteristics and the reasons behind it,First of all,from the type of trade: tributary trade is an officially dominated trade,Mutual market trade is a civil trade conducted under an officially licensed attitude,These two trades were the subjects of the Northern Dynasty trade with neighboring peoples and regimes,Trade in smuggling and border officials are not as large and often as the first two trades,But it is also a very important component;Secondly,from the perspective of trading period: the Northern Wei Dynasty,as the longest ruling dynasty in the Northern Dynasty,And more than 30 years from Emperor Xiaowen moved the capital to Luoyang(495)to Emperor Xiaoming Xiaochang(525),After implementing a series of reform measures,The Northern Wei trade reached the first climax,But the Northern Wei trade did not continue,By the reign of Emperor Xiaoming,Growing corrupt politics and gradually intensifying class contradictions,Cacaused the people’s uprising in six towns,Guanlong and Hebei,The Northern Wei was then divided into the Eastern and Western Wei,Gao Huan and Yu Wentai took power,respectively,This period was engaged for many years,The development of trade was hindered.Later,the Eastern Wei was renamed as Qi,called Northern Qi;the Western Wei was abolished as Zhou,and the two regimes had been in war for years.In this context,Trade,which flourished from the Northern Wei,undoubtedly declined rapidly,But in addition to the perennial war zones,Where else is not entirely stagnant production,Official trade and other trade were not as good as in the Northern Wei period,But it also got a slow recovery and development;Finally,judging from the characteristics of trade and the reasons behind it,Officially-led trade highlights the phased and regional characteristics,The reasons behind the interruption and development of trade are also numerous: affected by the war between the Northern Dynasties and the surrounding peoples and regimes at different periods,Or was influenced by the trade attitude of the Northern Dynasty rulers,Or affected by the two sides and other aspects.The trade between smuggling and border officials has its own characteristics,and the reasons behind it are even more complicated.