Ethical Research On Risk Acceptance In Nuclear Power Engineerin

With the rapid consumption of energy resources,environmental problems are becoming more and more serious.The development of nuclear power project is of great significance to replace traditional thermal power generation and alleviate the problems of energy consumption,environmental pollution,economic investment and power demand caused by hydropower,wind power and solar power generation.There are inevitable risks in every project construction,and so is the nuclear power project.Due to the coexistence of high risk and high value of nuclear power engineering,the practical development of nuclear power engineering has been controversial.Especially affected by the recent nuclear power safety accidents,nuclear power projects have been tested by safety problems again and again.Some countries have suspended or even gradually cancelled the development of nuclear power projects,but many countries hold different attitudes.Therefore,it has become a practical problem to measure and evaluate the relationship between the value and risk of nuclear power projects and to explore the risk acceptance of nuclear power projects.The relationship between evaluation value and risk itself involves ethical issues.Therefore,it is of great significance to study the risk acceptance of nuclear power project from the perspective of ethics.Due to its own particularity,high risk and high value coexist,the development of nuclear power project has attracted much attention and controversy.Technical support,government support and public acceptance are the three basic principles for the practice and development of nuclear power engineering.Technical support is the foundation and government support is the backing,and the public’s understanding and acceptance of nuclear power engineering is the key to the practice of nuclear power engineering.Therefore,the research on the risk acceptance of nuclear power engineering must start from these three aspects.According to the risk acceptance theory,the project risk can be divided into acceptable risk,tolerable risk and unacceptable risk.When discussing the value and possible risks of nuclear power engineering,we should study the relationship between the value and risk of nuclear power engineering from the perspective of ethics.Follow the principle of overall interest priority,fully consider the humanistic principle of people-oriented,give consideration to all subjects of the project,and realize the fairness of interest distribution and risk bearing;Give full consideration to social justice,justice between the same generation and intergenerational justice;The principle of ecological justice of harmonious coexistence between man and nature.Non anthropocentrism emphasizes that nature not only has the value of tools to meet human needs,but also has the value of its own survival and development.Engineering practice is a practical activity that human beings contact with nature to meet their own needs.Among all requirements,the survival priority principle that survival needs take precedence over other non basic needs should be followed.When and only when people and the natural environment face the needs of life,follow the principle of human priority.It should be noted that the three principles of overall interest priority,survival priority and human priority are not parallel,but a progressive relationship layer by layer.These three evaluation principles are progressive layer by layer,and ethical evaluation is conducted on the risk acceptability of nuclear power engineering from an overall perspective,so as to divide the three risk categories of nuclear power engineering: acceptable risk,tolerable risk and unacceptable risk.From the perspective of evaluation subject,the ethical evaluation of risk acceptance of nuclear power project can be mainly carried out from three aspects: expert evaluation,social evaluation and public evaluation.However,both expert evaluation,social evaluation and public evaluation have their rationality and importance,and there are also corresponding evaluation limitations.In order to deal with the ethical evaluation dilemma and influence of risk acceptance of nuclear power project,we should control it from two aspects: ideology and code of conduct.Implement the ethical awareness of facing up to the risks of nuclear power projects,popularize the ethical concept of acceptable risks of nuclear power projects,and promote the formulation of acceptable risk standards of nuclear power projects,so as to promote the renewal of the ethical concept of risk acceptance of nuclear power projects;Starting from the engineering idea of safety first,the risk awareness of prevention first and the concept of rapid and efficient emergency,we should comprehensively control the possibility and impact of nuclear power project risks from the existence,early warning to occurrence of potential risks,so as to strengthen the ethical control of nuclear power project risks.Provide theoretical basis and practical control measures for the sound and rapid development of nuclear power projects.