On The Value Of Zhang Zai’s Study Of Rites

Zhang Zai plays a vital role in promoting the process of Neo-Confucianism of"ceremony".On the one hand,he made the metaphysical philosophical interpretation of"ceremony",and on the other hand,he made the metaphysical system design of"ceremony".It can be said that many of the prototypes of rites and laws after the Song Dynasty came from Zhang Zai.But at present the academic circle for Zhang zai "ceremony" research mainly from the micro Angle,to a corner,or study Zhang zai to the theory of "ceremony",or study zhang zai for "ritual" research system design,although deep but serious split Zhang zai "ceremony"thought overall unity,cannot from the macro perspective grasp the important value of Zhang zai "ceremony" thought.Based on this,this paper tries to deeply explain the value of Zhang Zai’s "ceremony" from the perspective of ontology,human nature theory,kung fu theory and political application.The reason why Zhang Zai made such a deep and comprehensive philosophical thinking on "rites",on the one hand,because Fan Zhongyan abandoned the literature and abandoned the previous practical path;on the other hand,because of the prevalence of Buddhism and nihilism,Confucian ethics is often greatly challenged and threatened,and it is urgent to establish the value.First of all,Zhang Zai expounded the metaphysical root of "ceremony" as"reason" from the height of "ontology",and implemented the ultimate basis of "ritual" on"heaven" to explain why "ceremony" is "the scriptures of heaven and the meaning of earth".Secondly,from the perspective of human nature,through the distinction between"nature of heaven and earth" and "temperament",the internal human basis of "ceremony" is implemented on "heart" and "nature",and finally puts forward the necessity of moral practice by practicing "ceremony".The ultimate goal of moral practice is to return to the "nature of heaven and earth".Only by giving "sincere respect" and "the party" can we change our temperament and finally achieve the "knowledge of propriety".If the former is Zhang Zai’s philosophical interpretation of "ceremony",then Zhang Zai’s political application of"ceremony" is designed through "well field system","feudal system" and "patriarchal system".Whether it is a systematic philosophical interpretation of "ceremony" or a realistic system design of "ceremony",Zhang Zai stands on the shoulders of his predecessors.Especially on the basis of inheriting the spirit of ancient rites,the idea of ancient rites has designed a set of ritual system that can solve the social problems at that time,effectively play the "ceremony" of "time",grasp the spiritual value of "ceremony",for the formulation of etiquette norms has important reference significance.