| The amount of household waste produced in China’s rural areas is 300 million t/a,and kitchen waste accounts for more than 40%of the household waste.Improper disposal will cause serious pollution to the rural living environment.Aerobic compost is an important way to recycle,reduce and treat organic wastes.In order to realize the purpose of resource utilization,harmless and automatic treatment of kitchen waste,this paper developed an integrated aerobic fermentation equipment for kitchen waste at home.The specific contents are as follows:According to the technology of aerobic fermentation composting and the characteristics of composting materials,the whole structure of horizontal push flow multistage fermentation was established.The structure of fermentation chamber,stirring device,aeration air volume,motor selection and control system were analyzed and designed.The static stress analysis of the stirring shaft was carried out,and the three-dimensional modeling of the equipment was completed.discrete element method(DEM)simulation test was combined with physical accumulation test to demarcate the contact parameters of kitchen waste and determine the optimal combination of discrete element parameters of kitchen waste:The rolling friction coefficient of kitchen waste-kitchen waste was 0.11,the surface energy of JKR was 0.13J/m~2,and the static friction coefficient of kitchen waste-stainless steel was 0.73.Moreover,based on the parameters of kitchen waste calibration,the simulation of equipment operation was carried out to explore the effect of equipment mixing structure on material mixing uniformity and pushing effect.The results show that:The mixing uniformity of materials is 91%,and more materials accumulate in the feeding port and discharging port under the action of stirring,which proves that the stirring device can meet the needs of mixing,mixing and pushing of materials in the fermentation process.This study can provide an effective reference for material contact parameters in food waste separation,mixing and aerobic fermentation process,as well as the research and optimization of related machinery and equipment.The aerobic fermentation composting experiment was carried out with kitchen waste and wood chips as raw materials.By adjusting the C/N ratio and water content of raw materials,the aerobic composting experiment was carried out,and the temperature,water content,seed germination index,EC,p H and other indicators of organic fertilizer rot degree of fermentation materials in different fermentation bins were sampled and analyzed.According to the comparison method,coefficient of variation statistical method and observation method,the performance test scheme was developed,and the key parameters of the equipment,such as stirring performance,deodorization performance and fermentation barn insulation effect,were evaluated.The results show that the equipment has good working performance and stable state,and the decomposed materials produced meet the harmless standard.Therefore,the integrated aerobic fermentation equipment of domestic kitchen waste designed in this study can provide valuable technical reference for the research on the nearby disposal equipment of small and medium-sized kitchen waste. |
