| The soil erosion and water pollution caused by soil erosion on sloping land have seriously affected the agricultural production and ecological environment of Heilongjiang Province.Therefore,in-depth study on the prevention and control effect of soil erosion and soil nutrient loss by different farming measures on sloping farmland is of great significance for the control of soil erosion on sloping farmland in the typical mountain and hills black soil area of Heilongjiang Province.In this study,four types of soil conservation tillage measures,namely straw returned to the field,ridge tillage and pitting field,horizontal slope ridge,horizontal slope ridge + hedgerow and along-slope ridge,were deployed on 3° sloping land under natural rainfall conditions to investigate the effects of four different soil conservation farming measures on soil erosion and nutrient loss in sloping land.The prevention and control effect of the four different soil and water conservation tillage practices on sand production and nutrient runoff in sloping fields was investigated.The thesis provides scientific basis and technical support for the prevention,control and management of soil erosion on sloping soils in typical black soil areas of Heilongjiang Province.The results showed:(1)Compared with along-slope ridge measures,straw returned to the field,ridge tillage and pitting field,horizontal slope ridge and horizontal slope ridge + hedgerow measures can effectively reduce soil erosion on sloping arable land,among which both horizontal slope ridge + hedgerow and horizontal slope ridge measures have significant flow reduction effects.(2)Compared with the along-slope ridge measure,straw returned to the field,ridge tillage and pitting field,horizontal slope ridge and horizontal slope ridge + hedgerow measures all effectively reduced runoff nutrients and intercepted sediment nutrients,with the horizontal slope ridge + hedgerow measure losing the least amount of runoff nutrients and sediment nutrients.(3)Pre-and post-rainfall analyses showed that compared with along-slope ridge measures,straw returned to the field,ridge tillage and pitting field,horizontal slope ridge and horizontal slope ridge + hedgerow measures all effectively reduced soil nutrient loss,with horizontal slope ridge + hedgerow measures reducing soil nutrient loss most significantly.The results show that the effect of horizontal slope ridge + hedgerow measures in preventing soil erosion in slope cultivated land is the most significant,and it can be popularized and applied as the best agricultural soil conservation farming measure for slope cultivated land in the black soil area of mountain and hills. |
