| The amount of chemical fertilizer applied in my country has shown the characteristics of diminishing marginal utility for grain yield,and the high amount of chemical fertilizer application affects the sustainable development of the environment.The reduction of chemical fertilizer and the increase of efficiency has become a key measure for the green development of agriculture.Especially in some areas with poor economic development,grain farmers often have problems such as relatively high fertilization intensity,unreasonable fertilization structure,and low fertilizer utilization efficiency due to a series of problems such as low education level,poor cognition level,and land fragmentation.Excessive application of chemical fertilizers by grain farmers not only increases the cost of grain production,but also causes non-point source pollution.Most grain farmers have poor environmental awareness and think that they do not need to be responsible for environmental pollution,so it is very difficult to deal with environmental problems caused by excessive application of chemical fertilizers.Therefore,it is beneficial to protect the environment and ensure food security by finding the influencing factors of the fertilization intensity of grain farmers,and reducing the application of chemical fertilizers,thereby promoting the sustainable development of agriculture.The research of this paper is based on the theory of food and agricultural behavior,externality theory and path dependence theory,combined with literature research,designed a questionnaire,selected the area of Shangshui County,Henan Province,and analyzed the basic characteristics of 300 food and agricultural households,individuals in Shangshui County,and 2020 A field survey was conducted on the application of chemical fertilizers and cognitive level in the process of grain planting.Then,the Pearson correlation and stepwise regression analysis were carried out on the survey results to analyze the influencing factors of the intensity of fertilizer application for grain and agriculture in Shangshui County.The research results are as follows: the proportion of the number of people working in agriculture,the time spent in agriculture,the proportion of non-agricultural income,whether or not to work outside the home,the main method of fertilization,the age of the head of the household,the number of plots,the awareness of the degree of agricultural environmental pollution,the area of arable land,and whether to participate in agricultural technology training.Ten variables have a significant impact on the intensity of fertilizer application;among them,the proportion of the number of people working in agriculture,the time engaged in agriculture,the proportion of non-agricultural income,and the number of plots have a significant positive correlation;and whether or not to work outside,the main method of fertilization,and the age of the head of the household,the cognition of the degree of agricultural environmental pollution,the area of arable land,and whether or not to participate in agricultural technology training have significant negative correlations.In order to guide grain farmers to reduce their fertilization,this paper puts forward suggestions based on the empirical results: to improve the overall quality of farmers,on the one hand,we should attract young people to return to the countryside,on the other hand,we should carry out education to improve farmers’ knowledge;Effective use of land resources and rational allocation of labor force;increase government publicity and guidance,and promote relevant legislation,so as to gradually cultivate the environmental protection awareness of grain farmers,thereby gradually changing their small farmers’ thinking;increase the popularization and promotion of soil testing Formula fertilization and slow-release fertilizer can optimize the fertilization structure and improve the utilization efficiency of chemical fertilizers. |
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