Dynamic Changes Of Reproductive Hormones And Technical Optimization Of Artificial Insemination In Estrus-synchronized Sika Dee

The purpose of this study is to determine the reproductive hormones that affect the pregnancy rate of sika deer on the basis of detecting the dynamic changes of the level of reproductive hormones during estrus synchronization,optimize the estrus synchronization technology,improve the pregnancy rate of sika deer,and expand the popularization and application of the technology.1.Study on the change law of reproductive hormones of sika deer during artificial insemination in synchronization with estrus.In order to determine the change law of five reproductive hormones in the whole sika deer and in pregnancy,this experiment collected and prepared the serum samples in the periods of embedding and removing the thrombus,the first artificial insemination and the second artificial insemination,and detected the levels of FSH,E₂,P,LH and PRL by ELISA.Research determines:（1）The reproductive hormone level of sika deer population during artificial insemination in estrus synchronization.The fluctuation ranges of FSH,E₂,P,LH and PRL were 0.90-5.85m IU/m L,10.35-16.75 pg/m L,0.45-9.03 ng/m L,0.51-1.44 m IU/m L and 102.47-202.67 m IU/L.The average concentrations were 2.15±0.13 m IU/m L,13.75±0.15 pg/m L,2.50±0.32 ng/m L,0.85±0.03 m IU/m L and 140.75±2.36 m IU/L respectively.（2）Reproductive hormone level of pregnant sika deer during artificial insemination in estrus synchronization.The fluctuation ranges of FSH,E₂,P,LH and PRL were 0.90-5.34m IU/m L,11.92-16.75 pg/m L,0.51-9.03 ng/m L,0.57-1.35 m IU/m L and 107.31-174.95 m IU/L,and the average concentrations were 2.13±0.17 m IU/m L,13.99±0.21 pg/m L,3.96±0.64ng/m L,0.83±0.03 m IU/L and 147.12±3.65 m IU/L.（3）The change trend of reproductive hormone level was basically the same in each stage of artificial insemination of sika deer during estrus synchronization,and it showed a downward trend from the time of embedding the plug to taking it out,and then it showed an upward trend.After reaching the peak at the first artificial insemination,the hormone level begins to decrease slowly.2.Effect of reproductive hormone level on conception rate of sika deer.The differences of hormone changes in different stages of estrus artificial insemination in different pregnancy states,such as empty pregnancy,single pregnancy and twin pregnancy,were measured.The main hormones affecting pregnancy and twin pregnancy in different stages of estrus artificial insemination were analyzed,and the reproductive hormones,average levels and change ranges in different stages of estrus artificial insemination in single and twin deer were determined.The results showed that:（1）The main hormones that affected the conception in different stages of artificial insemination during estrus synchronization.（1）The level of reproductive hormones in the period of embolectomy did not affect the conception of sika deer.（2）The level of serum P in sika deer during the first artificial insemination could affect the conception of sika deer.（3）The level of serum P in sika deer during the second artificial insemination could affect the conception of sika deer.（2）Hormone levels in different stages of pregnancy.Ⅰ.The first artificial insemination period:（1）the level and range of empty pregnancy hormones:the levels of FSH,E₂,P,LH and PRL in empty pregnancy were 2.49±0.15 m IU/m L,18.83±1.35 pg/m L,0.31±0.07 ng/m L,3.08±0.19 m IU/m L and 117 m IU/L,respectively.The fluctuation ranges were 1.72-3.80 m IU/m L,12.70-25.36 pg/m L,0.11-0.69 ng/m L,1.91-3.87m IU/m L and 74.46-188.54 m IU/L.（2）Hormone level and range of singleton:The levels of FSH,E₂,P,LH and PRL in singleton state were 2.49±0.09 m IU/m L,22.84±1.40 pg/m L,1.56±0.10 ng/m L,3.86±0.30m IU/m L and 132.66±9.99 m IU/L,respectively.The fluctuation ranges are 1.72-3.49 m IU/m L,11.22-39.31 pg/m L,0.69-1.77 ng/m L,1.19-8.02 m IU/m L and 70.38-219.45 m IU/L.（3）Twin hormone levels and ranges:The levels of FSH,E₂,P,LH and PRL in the pregnant state were 2.37±0.16 m IU/m L,21.97±3.26 pg/m L,1.06±0.24 ng/m L,4.02 0.45 m IU/m L and128.87±15.55 m IU/L respectively.The fluctuation ranges are 1.83-2.67 m IU/m L,16.11-29.83pg/m L,0.69-2.75 ng/m L,2.51-5.04 m IU/m L and 83.53-153.51 m IU/L.Ⅱ.The second artificial insemination period:（1）The level and range of empty hormone:FSH level was 2.36±0.18 m IU/m L,and the range fluctuates from 1.19-3.37 m IU/m L,E₂level was 16.29±2.29 pg/m L,and the fluctuation range was 2.23-34.10 pg/m L.P level was 0.27±0.07ng/m L,and the fluctuation range was 0.07-0.83 ng/m L,The LH level was 3.56±0.28 m IU/m L,which fluctuates from 1.76-5.13 m IU/m L.The level of PRL was 143.17±12.80 m IU/L,and the fluctuation range was 66.28-179.44 m IU/L.（2）Single-child hormone level and range:FSH level was 2.37±0.07 m IU/m L,which fluctuates from 1.70-3.49 m IU/m L;E₂level was 21.86±1.88 pg/m L,and the fluctuation range was 10.51-71.00 pg/m L.P level was 0.57±0.04 ng/m L,and the fluctuation range was 0.17-2.53ng/m L,The LH level was 3.72±0.18 m IU/m L,which fluctuates from 1.19-8.02 m IU/m L.The level of PRL was 130.25±8.36m IU/L,and the fluctuation range was 6.77-255.83 m IU/L.（3）Twin hormone level and range:FSH level was 2.50±0.56 m IU/m L,which fluctuates from 1.25-4.85 m IU/m L;E₂level was 22.57±4.25 pg/m L,and the fluctuation range was13.87-42.81 pg/m L.P level was 0.63±0.20 ng/m L,and the fluctuation range was 0.40-1.44ng/m L;The LH level was 3.65±0.38 m IU/m L,which fluctuates from 2.47-4.95 m IU/m L.The level of PRL was 156.94±16.77 m IU/L,and the fluctuation range was 101.40-194.65 m IU/L.3.Comparison of optimization effects of estrus synchronization technology:According to the hormone level of oestrus artificial insemination pregnant deer and the main hormones and influencing factors that affect the conception in each stage,different drug treatment levels,different embedding time and different feeding levels were tested in groups to optimize and compare the oestrus artificial insemination techniques and determine the best scheme.Research results:（1）Optimization and comparison of different drug treatment levels:The results showed that the fluctuation range of reproductive hormone levels of sika deer was reduced after optimization,and the estrus synchronization effect was better.（2）Comparison of optimization effects of different bolting time:The results showed that under the same feeding conditions,the pregnancy rate of sika deer with bolting time of 10days was higher than other days,reaching 61.11%.（3）Comparison of optimization effects of different feeding levels:The optimization effects of sika deer with different additives were compared by taking conception rate and reproductive hormone changes as indicators.The results showed that different dietary additives had great influence on the conception rate of sika deer.The pregnancy rate of sika deer with good effect was 78.05%,which is higher than that of another group by 50%.There was a significant difference in LH and E₂levels between the two groups during insemination.The pregnancy rate of the experimental group with high hormone level was high,and the pregnancy rate of sika deer was affected by LH and E₂during insemination.（4）Determination of estrus synchronization optimization scheme:The experiment determined that the optimal scheme of estrus synchronization technology of sika deer was to add appropriate nutritional additives to the diet one month before estrus synchronization treatment,injected 8 ml of V_ADEinto the diet while embedding CIDR,took out the suppository 10 days later and injected 8 ml of V_ADEand 387 IU of PMSG into the muscle,and injected 18μg of LH RH-A3 for the first time after 50 hours,and then perform artificial insemination after 6 hours.In this study,we studied the range of reproductive hormones in sika deer during estrus synchronization and artificial insemination,and the effects of reproductive hormones on the conception rate and litter size of sika deer in each period,and determined the dynamic change law of reproductive hormones of all female deer and pregnant sika deer in each period,the main hormones affecting the conception of sika deer in each period,and the optimization scheme of estrus synchronization,so as to provide reference for the related technical research on improving the fecundity of sika deer in the future.