Research On Ecological Compensation For Ground Source Pollution Control In Cultivated Lan

Cultivated land,as an important natural resource,has significant productive and ecological value.However,with the economic development and the increase of population,the problem of non-point source pollution caused by unreasonable use of cultivated land is becoming increasingly serious.Therefore,it is necessary to strengthen the prevention and control of cultivated land non-point source pollution.As the main body of agricultural production,farmers can control the cultivated land nonpoint source pollution from the source of agricultural production.However,Farmers need to bear the cost of manpower and capital to prevent and control non-point source pollution.Considering that the ecological environment of cultivated land has the attribute of public goods and the non-point source pollution control has externality,without economic compensation,farmers’ initiative to prevent and control non-point source pollution from the source is not high.Therefore,it is necessary to encourage farmers to control non-point source pollution through ecological compensation.Although China has initially established the ecological compensation mechanism,but from the perspective of policy implementation,due to the late start of ecological compensation practice of cultivated land,there are still some problems to be solved in the current ecological compensation practice of cultivated land non-point source pollution control,such as insufficient incentive,single compensation method and lack of long-term operation mechanism.Based on this,this study focuses on the idea of “why to compensate,how much to compensate,and how to compensate”.First of all,the existing practice of ecological compensation for cultivated land non-point source pollution control in China is sorted out,and it is found that there are some problems such as insufficient incentives for farmers.Secondly,this paper summarizes the relevant research of ecological compensation standard,analyzes the theoretical basis of compensation standard determination and compares different calculation methods.Based on the comparison of different methods and the field survey data of farmers in Suqian City,Jiangsu Province,the Choice Experiment is selected,and the Mixed Logit model is constructed to measure the compensation standard of cultivated land non-point source pollution control.Finally,the paper considers the policy design of ecological compensation,uses Multivariate Probit model to analyze the compensation method selection based on farmers’ preference,and puts forward suggestions for the establishment and long-term operation of ecological compensation mechanism.Through the above research,this paper draws the following main conclusions:First of all,the severe situation of the cultivated land non-point source pollution in China requires measures to be taken to strengthen the prevention and control.However,in the practice of ecological compensation for the control of non-point source pollution,there are still some problems such as low compensation standard,single compensation method and lack of long-term operation mechanism.Secondly,the ecological compensation standard for cultivated land non-point source pollution control was calculated.The results showed that the compensation standard for 1% reduction of chemical fertilizer application was 2.75 RMB per mu per year,the compensation standard for one time reduction of pesticide application was 129.25 RMB per mu per year,and the compensation standard for all agricultural waste recovery was 37.25 RMB per mu per year.Finally,the analysis of farmers’ preference for compensation methods shows that farmers’ choice of compensation methods is affected by the individual characteristics of farmers,such as age,education level and policy cognition,and there is complementary or substitution effect between farmers’ choice of different compensation methods.Therefore,it is necessary to establish reasonable compensation standards and design appropriate compensation methods to ensure the establishment and long-term operation of China’s ecological compensation mechanism.The innovation of this paper is as follows: at present,the calculation of farmers’ willingness to accept focuses on the key ecological function areas,while the main grain producing areas are facing serious agricultural non-point source pollution problems due to the destruction of cultivated land ecological environment.In this paper,the Choice Experiment is used to study farmers’ willingness to accept for non-point source pollution control in main grain producing areas,which can enrich the application of Choice Experiment in China’s value evaluation,and provide decision-making reference for the control of cultivated land non-point source pollution.However,This paper only measures the farmers’ willingness to accept and lacks the research on the citizens’ willingness to pay,which is the deficiency of this paper,and it is also worthy of further study.