Research On Agricultural Economic Development In Tumote Area Of Guihua City In Qing Dynasty

The Tumote area of the Guihua City is located on the Tumochuan plain,where the terrain is flat and the water is rich,which creates conditions for agricultural development.During the Qing Dynasty,with the "great unification" of the country,the vast Mongolian region was also brought under the jurisdiction of the Central Plains Dynasty.With the need of consolidating frontier defense and military operation on the western Front,large-scale agricultural development was carried out in Tumote area of Guihua City in the Qing Dynasty.The development intensity was great,the results were remarkable,and the influence on the later generations was far ahead.In the previous studies on the Tumote area of the Guihua city,scholars mostly focused on the study of commercial trade,and paid more attention to agricultural issues such as the policy of reclamation prohibition,land contract,tenancy,etc.They paid more attention to the historical events themselves,and lacked research from multiple perspectives.In this paper,from the perspectives of economics and history,the agricultural development in Tumote area of the Guihua City is studied deeply,the development process is clarified,the development effect and influence are analyzed,and the relevant experience and lessons are provided for the agricultural development in Inner Mongolia.This paper is divided into six parts.The first part introduces the research background,significance and previous research achievements of Tumote area in the city of Guihua in the Qing Dynasty,and introduces the research methods and the definition of related concepts.The second part mainly explains the favorable natural conditions and social background of regional agricultural development and the history of previous agricultural development.The third part analyzes the reasons of Tumote area in the Qing Dynasty,and the process of large-scale land reclamation in the Qing Dynasty.The fourth part is to estimate the population and grain output of Tumote area in the city of Guihua in the period of Qianlong and Guangxu,and then calculate the per capita grain occupancy in these two periods,so as to view the agricultural development effect.The fifth part analyzes the influence of agricultural development on regional economy and society in Tumote area of Guihua City in Qing Dynasty,and analyzes the factors restricting the further development of agriculture.The sixth part elaborates the relevant experience and lessons of agricultural development in Tumote area of Guihua City in Qing Dynasty on frontier development and governance,providing reference for realizing sustainable agricultural development in Mongolia in the future.By clearing up the process of agricultural development in Tumote area of Guihua City in Qing Dynasty,this paper holds that agricultural development experienced two periods of high tide of Qianlong and Guangxu,and estimated the change of per capita grain possession in these two periods by calculating the population and grain output in these two periods,so as to measure the agricultural development situation in Tumote area of Guihua City in Qing Dynasty.It also holds that the agricultural development in Tumote area of Guihua City has promoted the change of Mongolian culture and living habits,and also provided experience enlightenment for the development and governance of northern border areas.In the future,the agricultural development in this region should respect the natural environment,improve the overall agricultural development level through technological reform under the premise of limited arable land,and lay a solid material foundation for regional economic and social development.