Archaeological Study On Defense System Of Military Town Of Shengle Old Capital In Northern Wei Dynasty

After the Northern Wei Dynasty set the capital of Pingcheng(in today’s Datong City,Shanxi),Shengle was the old capital,and Shengle and the Yinshan area in the north became the place where the Northern Wei emperor avoided the summer heat.In this way,Shengle had a very important political and military status during the Northern Wei Dynasty.The military Defence system centred on the old capital of Shengle is an important part of the northern Xinjiang Defence system of the Northern Wei Dynasty.Therefore,on the basis of Shengle’s local environment and traffic conditions,the archeological analysis and research of the garrison ruins related to the old capital of Shengle are carried out.At the same time,combined with historical records,the formation process of the Defence system of Shengle’s old capital military town is sorted out.First of all,from the perspective of the geographical environment and traffic conditions of the Hohhot Plain where Shengle is located,this area has good hydrothermal conditions,which provides a suitable environment for the development and growth of Tuoba Xianbei here.After the establishment of the Northern Wei Dynasty,Shengle became the old capital,which is also equivalent to the Xia capital.At the same time,Shengle is in the position of "throat" of transportation.After the development of Tuoba Xianbei period,it became the centre of Monan and was in the front-line military Defence system of Yinshan of the Northern Wei Dynasty.Secondly,from the perspective of archeology,from the analysis of the town and garrison site of the Defence system of Shengle Old Capital Military Town,in terms of the distribution of the city site,two northern and southern Defence lines have been set up in the Yinshan area with Shengle Old Capital as the centre.The first is the garrison city set at the south of Yinshan,and the second is the six town Defence line of the orderly distribution of the east-west line of the Monan grassland.The setting of the town’s fortress site guards the passage from the north and south of Yinshan to Shengle.In terms of the scale of the city site,the town is mostly a large and medium-sized city site,and most of them are two-city or three-city structures;the garrison city is small in scale and mostly a single-city structure.Finally,the archeological materials and historical materials of the Defence system of Shengle Old Capital Military Town are studied to explore the evolution process of the Defence system of Shengle Old Capital Military Town.It can be seen that the evolution and development of the Defence system of Shengle Old Capital Military Town was carried out with the whole Northern Wei Northern Xinjiang Defence System,but it was different from the development of the Northern Xinjiang military Defence System.The Defence system of Shengle’s old capital military town has its own independent development process,and has experienced four periods of "set up garrison","setting military town","addition of military town" and "building city and garrison".