| This is a report on the E-C translation project of Hazard Analysis and Risk-Based Preventive Controls for Food for Animals-Guidance for Industry.This guide,released by the Food and Drug Administration in July 2022,covers all aspects of animal food manufacturing and aims to assist feed manufacturers in conducting hazard analysis and developing risk-based preventive control plans to ensure the safety of their products.As a technical guide,this document contains a large number of technical terms.The source text the author selected for this project is the first,second,and third chapters of the long article.The difficulty of this translation project lies in three aspects.Firstly,the source text contains a large number of obscure technical terms.Secondly,there are complex and long sentences with multiple clauses and modifiers.Thirdly,there are cultural differences between China and the United States,and there are certain challenges in ensuring the accuracy and readability of the translated text due to differences in regulations and industry norms.To cope with the above difficulties,this translation project,incorporating Professor Li Changshuan’s “Understanding,Expression,Adaptation” analytical framework,flexibly selected translation methods.In terms of comprehension,the understanding of related background,technical terms,and difficult sentences was discussed.In terms of expression,the author elaborated on difficulties and solutions in three aspects: nominalization,passive sentences and long sentences.In terms of adaptation,translation techniques of amplification,omission and conversion were applied to make the translation culturally appropriate and relevant to the target readers.This translation practice enlightened the author that accurate comprehension is the basis of technical translation,and an important guarantee for ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the target texts.Based on accurate comprehension,a variety of translation methods can be used to make the expression better.In addition,appropriate adaptations can be made to ensure the target text meets the target readers’ needs,conforms to the idiomatic use of the target language.Under the CEA analysis framework,the author flexibly used different translation methods and techniques to solve the problems encountered in the translation process,improving the accuracy and readability of the translation.This study has a certain reference value for future translations of technical texts. |
