A Study On The Integration Of Xianbei Culture And Han Culture In Pingcheng Period Of Northern Wei Dynasty

In the long course of history,"all Minzu groups in China" have come together to form the "Chinese Minzu",which is the crystallization of long-term exchanges,exchanges and integration among all ethnic groups.The Wei,Jin,Southern and Northern Dynasties were the important periods of ethnic migration,differentiation,reorganization and integration in Chinese history,as well as the important periods of coexistence and confrontation of multi-ethnic regimes.The Northern Wei dynasty was the first minority regime in Chinese history that basically unified the areas north of the Yellow River basin.After Xianbei people entered the Central Plains,they inevitably had more frequent exchanges and collisions with the Han culture in the central Plains.In the process of communication and integration of Xianbei culture and Han culture,Xianbei and Han jointly promote the continuous development of Chinese culture,and further promote the Chinese Minzu from pluralism to integration.Using the basic viewpoints and methods of Marxist national theory,this study mainly analyzes and summarizes the cultural integration between Tuoba Xianbei and Han.The development and change of Tuoba Xianbei’s consciousness of "China" during the Pingcheng period of northern Wei Dynasty.This study takes Yungang grottoes as the observation point,and discusses the historical connotation of Minzu cultural integration contained in Yungang grottoes.The development of Buddhism is the direct cause of the grottoes,and the grottoes in different periods reflect the different degrees of integration between the Xian and Han cultures.The five grottoes by Tan Yao in the early period symbolized the grand and magnificent temperament of nomadic people.The grottoes in the middle period added the wind of traditional Chinese ancient architecture on the basis of preserving Xianbei culture.With the relocation of the capital by Emperor Xiaowen,the Han culture color in the grottoes in the late period became stronger.In addition,the cultural integration between Tuoba Xianbei and Han is mainly reflected in economic life,ideological culture,social life and other aspects.In the aspect of economic life,mainly nomadic culture and farming culture complementary and mutual learning,Tuoba Xianbei and Han of the continuous trade;In terms of ideology and culture,Tuoba Xianbei was deeply influenced by Confucian culture,and the phenomenon of learning Confucianism was very common.In terms of social life,Tuoba Xianbei and Han clothing,diet,living pattern and literature and art are reflected in the integration of Minzu mutual learning.In the process of continuous contact with central Plain’s culture,Tuoba Xianbei’s consciousness of "China" is also constantly deepened,and constructs the identity of "China" from different dimensions such as geography,politics and culture,which is closely related to the historical formation of the Chinese Minzu community.This study argues that the integration of Xianbei and Han culture in Pingcheng period of northern Wei Dynasty and the "Chinese" identity of Tuoba Xianbei promoted each other,which was an important development stage of The Chinese nation from "pluralism" to "unity".The mutual connection between Tuoba Xianbei and Han in the economic,political and cultural levels is increasing,and the common sense is also increasing.The integration of Xianbei and Han culture has created the internal motive force for the formation of the Chinese Minzu community.Tuoba Xianbei’s consciousness of "China" was constantly enhanced,which was the key factor in the formation and development of the Chinese Minzu community.Fully exploring the historical connotation and mutual relationship of Minzu cultural integration and "China" identity in history can not only witness the formation process of the diversified integration pattern of the Chinese Minzu and the unparalleled inclusiveness and absorption of Chinese culture,but also provide historical reference for forging a strong sense of community of the Chinese Minzu in the new era.