Research On The Phonology Of Pinglu Dialect

Pinglu is located in the middle reaches of the Yellow River and the southernmost part of Shanxi Province,at the crossroads of Jin and Yu,and its history can be traced back to the Western Zhou Dynasty,The special geographical location and long history of the Pinglu dialect have made it possible to preserve more of the characteristics of the ancient western and northern sounds,which have important research significance and value.However,the number of systematic studies on the phonology of the Pinglu dialect is small,and the existing academic results are scattered in the overall study of Fenhe dialect or Zhongyuan Mandarin.This paper comprehensively analyzes the phonetics of the Pinglu dialect from synchronic and historical perspectives,and the whole text consists of six parts:introduction,phonetic overview of the Pinglu dialect,comparison with Medieval sound system,literary and colloquial readings of Chinese characters,historical level of phonological characteristics,and comparison with surrounding dialects.The introduction mainly introduces the geographical situation and historical evolution of Pinglu,and focuses on the research results of Pinglu and Southern Jin dialect by scholars,reviews the research status of predecessors,and finally introduces the research methods and data sources.The first chapter describes the initial,final and tone system of the Pinglu dialect,and on this basis,reveals the phenomenon of phonetic mutation in Pinglu dialect,such as continuous tone sandhi and soft tone.The second chapter provides a detailed comparison of the Pinglu dialect with the Medieval sound system.On the initials,the ancient voiced initials devoiced and now all read as aspirated sound;the two groups of Jian 见 and Jing 精 initials are differentiated into the initials(?)on the condition of Qichi rhymes and Cuokou rhymes.On the finals,four groups of Xian咸shan山Shen深 zhhen臻finals dropped the nasal tail vowel,and read as nasal vowels;Dang 宕 Zeng 曾Geng梗 groups dropped too.In tone,the Ru tone disappears,and differentiates into the Yinping tone which the characters of devoiced and sub-voiced initials read and Yangping tone which the characters of voiced initials read.The third chapter discusses the phenomenon of literary and colloquial readings of Chinese characters in the Pinglu dialect.The six types of readings are mainly reflected in the vocabulary level,and some of the colloquial readings of characters are in danger of disappearing due to low frequency and small range.The forth chapter discusses the historical level of some colloquial reading in the Pinglu dialect,and finds that the phonetic characteristics such as "the characters of voiced initials which have Ze tone read as aspirated sound" and "Zhi支Wei微 merged into Yu鱼 rhyme"come from the ancient northwestern region dialect of the Tang to Song dynasties reflected in Dunhuang and Western Xia documents.The fifth chapter compares the Pinglu dialect with the surrounding dialects.The literary readings of the Chinese characters is derived from the Xi’an dialect of the Guanzhong area in addition to the Mandarin.These phenomenons that the disappearance of the Wei 微initial,the initials of the Ni 泥 and Lai 来 read same when read as Hong sound and Jiantuan merged into same initial prove that the Pinglu dialect is evolving rapidly.