Research On Asymmetry Between "Qian" And "Hou" And Teaching Of Chinese As A Foreign Language

As a set of opposite direction words,"Qian"(前)and "Hou"(后)have rich meanings in modern Chinese,It can not only represent spatial positions,but also metaphorize time,order and relationship.There are symmetry and asymmetry in the words "Qian"(前)and"Hou"(后).Guided by Markedness Theory and based on the dictionary and corpus,this paper investigates the symmetry and asymmetry of "Qian"(前)and "Hou"(后)at the lexical and syntactic levels.It is concluded that "Qian"(前)is unmarked and "Hou"(后)is marked.By collecting corpus,we studied the acquisition of "Qian"(前)and "Hou"(后)of foreign learners,and on this basis,we put forward some teaching suggestions.This thesis consists of the following seven parts:The introduction clarifies the purpose and significance of this study,summarizes the ontology of "Qian"(前)and "Hou"(后)and teaching Chinese as a foreign language.The introduction briefly explains the research content and research methods.The first chapter examines the symmetry and asymmetry of "Qian"(前)and "Hou"(后)at the lexical level.This chapter compares and analyzes the symmetry and asymmetry of "Qian"(前)and "Hou"(后)in terms of word formation ability,word formation form,and word formation mode.In the dictionary,the word formation ability of "Qian"(前)is stronger than that of "Hou"(后).In the two-syllable words composed of "Qian"(前)and "Hou"(后),there is a symmetric and asymmetric relationship between infing and meaning.The second chapter examines the symmetry and asymmetry of "Qian"(前)and "Hou"(后)at the syntactic level.This chapter compares and analyzes the symmetry and asymmetries of "Qian"(前)and "Hou"(后)when modifying and making syntactic components.The "Qian"(前)and "Hou"(后)can modify nouns,verbs and quantifiers.They can be used as adverbials,attributives,subjects,objects and complements in sentences.The third chapter summarizes the metaphors of "Qian"(前)and "Hou"(后).There are symmetries and asymmetries in the space domain,time domain,sequential domain and title domain.The fourth chapter analyzes the use of the modal words "Qian"(前)and "Hou"(后)of international students.This chapter counts the "Qian"(前)and "Hou"(后)bias of learners in the HSK dynamic composition corpus,divides them into three categories:misaddition,omission and misuse,and explains the bias of learners from the aspects of interlingual migration and intralingual generalization.The fifth chapter puts forward suggestions on the teaching of "Qian"(前)and "Hou"(后)from the perspective of cognitive linguistics.Teachers use metaphor and labeling theory to explain the use of "Qian"(前)and "Hou"(后)to help students build a vocabulary network.Students understand the abstract concepts of "Qian"(前)and "Hou"(后)with the help of image graphics and take the initiative to learn.The editor of the textbook uses the focus background theory to determine the arrangement order of "Qian"(前)and "Hou"(后)dissent.The conclusion part summarizes the main points of this study,hoping to provide some help for the teaching of Chinese as a foreign language with the modal words "Qian"(前)and "Hou"(后).