A Report On The Translation Of Immunity:The Science Of Staying Well(Excerpts) From The Perspective Of Adaptation Theory

As people’s living standards are improved,health issues are also coming into the public eyes.General Secretary Xi Jinping has proposed building a "healthy China" in the new era,which depends on modern basic medical facilities and boosting individual immunity.Intending to provide humans with scientific guidelines for maintaining health,the British immunologist,Jenna Macciochi,published the book Immunity:The Science of Staying Well.The translated version will help Chinese readers to understand the basic immunological knowledge and develop healthy habits,thus building a healthy China.This translation material is taken from the Introduction and Chapter One of the book,Immunity:The Science of Staying Well,which are descriptions of the functioning mechanism of the immune system and its importance to human health.As a popular medical text,this book has distinctive features such as scientific,popular and attractive expressions.In order to effectively reproduce the linguistic features of the source text,the translator accomplished the translation report under the guidance of Adaptation Theory.The report discusses two questions:How does translators adopt different translation techniques according to the dynamic context and make the translation conforms to the target readers’mental world and social world?How can the translator maintain the accuracy,scientificity and readability of the translation and ensure the target readers can grab the same linguistic feature,social and cultural cognitive effects as the source language readers?The translation report has found that since the dual role of interpreter and utterer,the translator should dynamically choose optimal translation techniques with the consideration of contextual correlates and structural objects of the source text when translating medical poplar science texts,thus improving the translation quality.On the one hand,this translation report analyzes the translation process from the dimensions of communicative context and linguistic context.Translators should consider the differences between the physical and social worlds of the author and the target language readers and choose the appropriate semantics after understanding the source text,thus conforming to the physical and social worlds of the target language readers and enhancing the readability of the translation.In addition,the translator should clarify the logical relations in the light of the linguistic context and adopt proper cohesion markers considering the structural differences between English and Chinese to achieve the fluency.On the other hand,the linguistic structure should be the real object of adaptation.The translator needs to use different translation techniques at the lexical,syntactic,and suprasentential levels to negotiate the structural differences between Chinese and English,thus promoting cross-cultural communicative success.This practice report is divided into five parts.Chapter One introduces the background of and the significance of the study;Chapter Two presents the whole translation process,including the preparation before translation,difficulties and problems encountered in the translation process;Chapter Three introduces the theoretical basis and the practical application of Adaptation Theory in translation along with a theoretical framework to be expounded;Chapter Four selects 53 translation examples to analyze the process where the translator improves the quality of translation under the guidance of Adaptation Theory from the angles of contextual correlates and structural objects.Besides,it summarizes the significance of Adaptation Theory in translation practice.Chapter Five analyses the whole translation practice and outlines the reflections,implications and limitations in the process of translation practice in order to provide a reference for future research.The translation practice emphasizes the translator’s dual role of the interpreter and utterer in the whole translation activity,which requires the translator to use various translation techniques according to the dynamic context.The translation report may provide a reference for future translations of medical science texts and serve as a supplement to the existing research on pragmatic translation.