| Bazhou in the Northern Song Dynasty(including Bazhou City,Dacheng County,Wen’an County,and parts of Yongqing county)is located in the North China Plain,with Juma River,Yongji canal,Hutuo River and other rivers passing through.Six years later,Emperor Shizong recovered Yijin pass and established Bazhou here,governing Yongqing,Wen’an and Dacheng counties.During the Taizong period,the jieqikou stronghold set up a broken Lu army,which was later renamed Xin’an army.Since then,Bazhou administrative region has been formed.Bazhou is located on the northern border of the Northern Song Dynasty,and together with the surrounding Xiongzhou,Qingzhou,Cangzhou,Guangxin army,Xin’an army and an Su army,it forms the first defense line of the northern border defense.Bazhou in the Northern Song Dynasty,as an important military town on the border between song and Liao,had unique natural conditions.For example,there were many rivers and lakes around Bazhou.In the Northern Song Dynasty,Bazhou Area and the adjacent State Army communicated with the river Tangbo.At the same time,the Northern Song Dynasty carried out land reclamation in the nearby area,and built a great wall on the water according to local conditions.It only needed to deploy a small number of forbidden troops,supplemented by local Xiang soldiers and local soldiers,to meet the defense needs,Skillfully eased the border defense pressure of the Northern Song Dynasty in Hebei.In addition to tuntian in Tangpo,Bazhou Area in the Northern Song Dynasty also had a unique defense line,namely,tunnel.Although Bazhou is located at the border,the song and Liao dynasties maintained stability for a hundred years after the "alliance of Chanyuan",which provided an opportunity for the recovery and development of Bazhou’s economy.The population in Bazhou also increased from more than 30000 people in the early Northern Song Dynasty to more than110000 people in the late Northern Song Dynasty,and its agricultural,commercial and handicraft industries developed and prospered.Thanks to this prosperity,the government of the Northern Song Dynasty once set up a market here again.Countless goods are traded here every year,which contributed a huge amount of commercial taxes to the court of the Northern Song Dynasty,which is also closely related to its important geographical location.The trade between the two sides has promoted the economic development of Bazhou region and brought more than 100 years of peace to the border region.For Bazhou,an important town on the border,the Northern Song Dynasty was very cautious about the selection and appointment of the prefect of Bazhou,which was not only an important military town on the border,but also an important debate field.Analyzing the selection and appointment of the prefect of Bazhou in the existing historical materials and his tenure of office,the government of the Northern Song Dynasty had different priorities in different historical periods when selecting the governor of Bazhou,a typical border state.In the early stage,it mainly chose military generals with excellent martial arts as the prefect,After the Zhenzong Dynasty,civilian officials were gradually elected as Prefects.Bazhou Area is on the front line of the border,and its social governance is characterized by the governance of the border compared with the mainland.Studying the governance policy of the border can understand the attitude of the Northern Song Dynasty towards Liao,so as to better explore the relationship between different ethnic groups from the 10th century to the 12th century.Bazhou not only has the common characteristics of the Yanbian army,that is,the area under its jurisdiction is small,the population is small,and the military defense function is higher than the needs of economic development,but also has its own uniqueness,such as the underground Great Wall defense fortifications,the establishment of a debate field in the territory,and so on.The study of Bazhou in the Northern Song Dynasty reflects the commonality and particularity of regional social development,and provides a certain reference for a deeper understanding of the local history of the Song Dynasty. |
