Study On The Acquisition Of Foreign Students’ Chinese Aspect Particle

Chinese aspect particle is a very important component of function words in Chinese,and it is also the difficulty for foreign students to learn Chinese.At present,the research on the aspect particle ontology and the acquisition by country are relatively comprehensive,but most of the research belongs to synchronic research,which lacks in-depth diachronic research.Because the process of Chinese language acquisition for foreign students is not linear,but non-linear,complex,and dynamic,synchronic research cannot reflect these characteristics.This paper collected 33 longitudinal natural corpora for one foreign student and 180 longitudinal induction corpora for 90 foreign students at the primary,intermediate and advanced levels.Based on the research content of aspect particle and the theory of dynamic system,from the perspective of the acquisition of aspect particle by foreign students,the paper try to explore the output of aspect particle in different stages of acquisition.In the analysis of dynamic auxiliary words of individual corpora,the use of aspect particle and prefabricated language constructs was used in combination with the analysis of the accuracy rate min-max graph,it is found that the subject A(subject Paul: Panamanian,this article uses the subject A replaces)The acquisition of aspect particle during the four semesters is continuously improving.In particular,the aspect particle "Le(了)",the accuracy of its use has increased to varying degrees every semester.However,according to the correct rate,error rate and avoidance rate of the test subject A each semester,the acquisition process of A shows a volatile upward trend,that is,progress and regression alternately appear in a small stage,and the overall acquisition result is a progressive trend.Of the four semesters,the least number of subjects A used in each semester usually appeared in the middle of the phase.In addition,the number of misuses gradually increased in the first three semesters and reached the highest value in the third semester.Contrary to the changing trend of the number of misuses,the number of avoidance uses is gradually decreasing.Subject A’s prefabricated language construct is an important part of the use of its aspect particle "Le".At different stages of its use,the prefabricated language construct has a different usage rate,especially in the third semester.The test subject A did not use the prefabricated language construct incorrectly.It can be seen that prefabricated language construct is an important part of the expression of the test subject A’s aspect article "Le".Although the number of aspect particle "Guo(过)" used by subject A was not as good as "Le",the accuracy rate was higher than it.Besides,the use of "Zhe(着)" in the subject A is very small,and it is mostly used started by native speakers。Through longitudinal comparison of group corpus,calculation of the number and accuracy of aspect particle used by group subjects at all levels,it was found that the overall level of group subject acquisition showed a gradual progressive trend.Among them,the use of "Le" in the primary subjects increased slowly at the beginning and the end of the semester.The number of uses in the remaining phases has grown rapidly.From the end of the primary semester to the beginning of the advanced semester,the growth rate of the use of "Le" is similar.The use of "Guo" slightly fluctuated in the six stages.The number of uses did not continue to increase with the improvement of the subject’s Chinese level,which was completely different from the growth of "Le".The use of "Zhe" has increased slightly only in the advanced stage.Judging from the usage accuracy rate,"Le" and "Zhe" used the lowest accuracy rate in the recording of the intermediate group at the end of the semester,and the accuracy rate used in all other stages was above 90%.Although the number of "Guo" uses is constantly changing,the accuracy is more than 95% at all stages except for the recording of primary subjects of primary group of the semester.In the process of acquisition,there are stubborn errors in the misplacement of aspect particle and verb-object separable words,the incorrect use of the grammatical meaning of "Le".In general,the acquisition process of aspect particle of individual and group subjects presents the characteristics of non-linearity,complexity and dynamics.The above conclusions require teachers to adopt different methods of practice according to the frequency of use of aspect particle and their grammatical meanings in teaching.The teaching and practice of "Zhe" need to be strengthened;for repeated use errors,teachers should focus on explaining and strengthening;pay attention to chunk teaching,especially the use of verb-object separable words,in the early stages of learner learning,chunk teaching can help students quickly form correct expressions.