Expression And Significance Of TWEAK And Fn14 In Middle Ear Cholesteatoma

Objective:The purpose of this study was to detect TWEAK and Fn14 expression levels in middle ear cholesteatoma epithelium and normal external ear canal epithelium by immunohistochemical method,and to analyze the correlation between TWEAK and Fn14,and to explore the role of TWEAK and Fn14 in bone destruction caused by middle ear cholesteatoma,in order to provide a basis for the study of the pathogenesis of middle ear cholesteatoma.Methods:TWEAK and Fn14 expression in middle ear cholesteatoma epithelia and normal external ear canal epithelia were detected by immunohistochemical method.A total of 45 samples were selected and 30 middle ear cholesteatoma epithelia tissues were used as the experimental group.Normal external auditory canal epithelial tissues of 15 patients were randomly collected during the operation as the control group.The tissue samples of30 patients with cholesteatoma otitis media in the experimental group were divided into mild bone destruction group(16 cases)and severe bone destruction group(14 cases)according to preoperative CT examination and intraoperative microscope observation.TWEAK and Fn14 expression in the experimental group and control group were detected respectively,and SPSS 26.0 software was used for analysis.Results:1.TWEAK was mainly concentrated in the basal layer of the middle ear cholesteatoma epithelium,mainly expressed in the cytoplasm,with dark brown and high density distribution,and the positive rate was 76.6%(23/30).The positive rate of TWEAK in the control group was 26.7%(4/15),showing a low density distribution of light yellowish brown.The difference between the two groups was statistically significant(χ~2=10.417,P<0.05);2.In the experimental group,Fn14 was mainly expressed in the cytoplasm,with the highest density in the basal layer,showing dark brown,positive rate of73.3%(22/30),while in the control group,the positive expression rate of Fn14 was 33.3%(5/15),showing light yellowish brown low density distribution.The difference between the two was statistically significant(χ~2=6.667,P<0.05);3.Among the 23 samples of TWEAK positive expression in the experimental group,there are 19 cases of Fn14 positive expression,and 4 cases of TWEAK negative expression in the 7 samples of TWEAK negative expression.Spearman analysis was used to find that tweak is positively correlated with Fn14 expression in the experimental group.The correlation coefficient was rs=0.380,with statistical significance(P=0.038,P<0.05);4.Wilcoxon rank sum test was used to analyze the expression of TWEAK and Fn14 in the mild bone damage group and the severe bone damage group.The results showed that compared with the mild bone damage group,the expression level of TWEAK and Fn14 in the severe bone damage group was significantly increased,with significant difference(P<0.05).Conclusions:1.TWEAK and Fn14 are highly expressed in the middle ear cholesteatoma tissue,and the positive expression of TWEAK and Fn14 is higher than that in the epithelial tissue of the external ear canal,suggesting that TWEAK and Fn14 may play an important role in the pathogenesis of middle ear cholesteatoma.2.TWEAK expression is positively correlated with Fn14 expression in middle ear cholesteatoma tissue,suggesting that TWEAK and Fn14 may interact with each other to promote the occurrence and development of middle ear cholesteatoma.3.The expression of TWEAK and Fn14 in the severe bone damage group was significantly higher than that in the mild bone damage group,suggesting that the two may cooperate with each other to promote the damage of peripheral bone by cholesteatoma,which may be one of the important mechanisms of the bone damage of middle ear cholesteatoma.