| Objective: To investigate the depression,anxiety and various physiological symptoms of hospitalized patients with esophageal cancer,explore the type and number of symptom groups of hospitalized patients with esophageal cancer,evaluate the relationship between depression,anxiety,symptom groups and quality of life,provide reference for treatment and rehabilitation of esophageal cancer patients,reduce the burden of patients,and improve their quality of life.Methods: Using the convenient sampling method,128 patients with esophageal cancer diagnosed in the Second Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University from March to October 2022 were selected as the survey population.The general data of esophageal cancer patients were collected with basic information questionnaire,the negative emotion data were collected with PHQ-9 depression screening scale and GAD-7 anxiety screening scale,the physiological symptoms data were collected with Anderson gastrointestinal module,and the quality-of-life data of esophageal cancer patients were collected with FACT-G cancer treatment function evaluation questionnaire.Excel 2016 was used to collate the data and SPSS 25.0 was used to analyze the data.The statistical methods involved mainly include: t-test,one-way ANOVA,Kruskal Wallis rank sum test,exploratory factor analysis,Pearson correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis.Result:1.Among 117 patients in this survey,52 patients suffered from depression,accounting for 44.5%;41 patients suffered from anxiety,accounting for 35.0%.2.Among the physiological symptoms,the four symptoms with the highest frequency were dysphagia(83.8%),fatigue(82.9%),distress(78.6%)and decreased appetite(76.1%);The most significant symptoms were dysphagia(4.81 ± 3.66),decreased appetite(3.52 ± 3.10),fatigue(3.41 ± 2.76)and distress(3.24 ± 2.87).3.Four symptom groups were extracted in this study,including neuropsychiatric symptoms(amnesia,dry mouth,sadness,shortness of breath,numbness,and distress),upper gastrointestinal symptoms(vomiting,nausea,dysphagia),somatic disorders(fatigue,pain),and excretion problems(diarrhea,constipation).The cumulative variance contribution rate was 74.09%.4.The total score of quality of life of hospitalized esophageal cancer patients is69.43 ± 17.60 points,with the maximum score of 80 points and the minimum score of5 points.The scores of each dimension from high to low were physiological condition(19.68 ± 7.04),social/family condition(17.77 ± 5.61),emotional condition(17.23 ±4.94)and functional condition(14.74 ± 6.99).5.Single factor analysis showed that there was no statistically significant difference between general data and quality of life scores(P>0.05).Pearson correlation analysis showed that,except for the social/family status dimension,other dimensions were negatively correlated with depression,anxiety and neuropsychiatric,upper digestive tract,and excretion problems.The physical disorder symptom group was negatively correlated with physiological status,emotional status,and total score of quality of life.Further multiple linear regression analysis showed that among depression,anxiety and symptom groups,only depression score and upper gastrointestinal symptom group score could effectively predict the quality of life of patients with esophageal cancer.Conclusion:1.The detection rate of depression and anxiety in patients with esophageal cancer is high.2.Patients with esophageal cancer generally suffer from a variety of symptoms,among which dysphagia,loss of appetite,fatigue and distress are the most serious.Attention should be paid to symptom management.3.The symptom management of patients with esophageal cancer should focus on four symptom groups: neuropsychiatric,upper digestive tract,physical disorders and excretion problems.Because the symptoms existing in the same symptom group are closely related,medical staff can choose the main symptoms that are easy to manage for management and intervention.4.The more serious the depression,anxiety and symptoms of patients with esophageal cancer,the worse the quality of life.Medical staff should take the initiative to assess and manage symptoms,focusing on patients with severe depression and upper gastrointestinal symptoms,so as to reduce the burden of patients and improve their quality of life. |
