Analysis Of Influencing Factors Of Dysphagia In Elderly Hospitalized Patients

Objective: To investigate the occurrence of dysphagia in elderly inpatients,and to explore the influencing factors of dysphagia in elderly inpatients,so as to provide new ideas for early identification of dysphagia in elderly patients.Methods: In this study,patients hospitalized in the geriatrics Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from January 2022 to September 2022 were selected by convenience sampling method,and the included subjects were the elderly aged 60 years and above.General data of inpatients were collected,and dysphagia disorders were screened and their overall status assessed by depression water test,daily living ability scale,and fthenic phenotype.The results showed that dysphagia disorders group(369cases)and non-dysphagia disorders group(501 cases)were obtained,and the general data and overall status were compared between the two groups.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the influencing factors of dysphagia in elderly hospitalized patients.Results:(1)A total of 870 elderly hospitalized patients were included in this study,ranging in age from 60 to 99 years old,with an average age of(73.2±8.1)years old.The results of drinking water experiment in the depression showed that there were 369 cases of dysphagia disorder and 501 cases of non-dysphagia disorder,and the detection rate of dysphagia disorder was 42.4%.(2)Univariate analysis showed that,There were statistically significant differences in the incidence of dysphagia among subjects in education,marriage,smoking,alcohol consumption,lack of teeth,ability to perform activities of daily living,frailty,cognitive function,COPD,pulmonary infection,heart failure,stroke,Parkinson’s disease,nutritional risk,antipsychotic drug use,depression risk,pain,multiple medication,comorbidities,age,and body mass index(P<0.05);The red blood cell count,hemoglobin,albumin,sodium concentration,chlorine concentration,calcium concentration and phosphorus concentration in patients with dysphagia were significantly lower than those without dysphagia(P < 0.05).(3)Multivariate regression analysis showed that age: 70-79 years old(P<0.05,OR=3.035,95CI: 1.932～4.768),≥ 80 years old(P<0.05,OR=7.824,95CI: 4.490～13.635),frailty(P<0.05,OR=3.062,95CI: 1.222～7.673),dementia(P<0.05,OR=2.276,95CI:1.056～4.903),multiple drug use(P<0.05,OR=1.569,95CI: 1.026～2.399),stroke(P<0.05,OR=10.870,95CI: 4.004～29.514)were risk factors for dysphagy,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions: The proportion of elderly hospitalized patients with dysphagia is higher,and the risk of dysphagia is higher in patients 70 years and older,patients with frailty,dementia,polypharmacy,and stroke.Early screening and intervention are recommended for this population.