| Objectives To explore the relationship between college students’ risk perception,self-efficacy and attitude and their individual prevention and control behaviors of COVID-19,the aim is to establish an intermediary model between the attitude and self-efficacy of college students’ risk perception and their individual prevention and control behaviors of COVID-19,so as to explore the influence mechanism of college students’ risk perception on their individual prevention and control behaviors of COVID-19.MethodFrom October to November 2021,a total of 4092 college students from 8 universities in Anhui Province were selected by multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method.Among them,1,990 males(48.63%)and 2102 females(51.37%)were selected for informed consent and questionnaire survey.The age range was from 15 to 33 years old(The mean age was 19.33±1.84 years).The t test and variance analysis were used for inter-group comparison.Multiple linear regression analysis was applied to explore the relationship between college students’ risk perception,self-efficacy and attitude and individual prevention and control behavior of COVID-19.The mediation effect and significance level of the mediation effect were analyzed by Bootstrap sampling test and deviation calibration non-parametric percentile Bootstrap method.ResultsThe surveyed college student group 93.50% never contacted,purchased and consumed wild animals;83.40% always adhered to safe eating habits and cooked meat and eggs;62.50% always avoided close contact with people with respiratory disease symptoms;40.90% always avoided going to crowded public places;43.20% always reduced visiting friends and relatives and gathering;66.20% always pay close attention to symptoms such as fever and cough and do health monitoring;66.9% always keep hand hygiene(including proper hand washing);69.30% always keep indoor clean and open windows regularly for ventilation;76.40% always cough and sneeze to cover mouth and nose;76.00% always choose and wear a mask.However,24.10% of the surveyed college student groups still sometimes or never avoid going to crowded public places,and 22.40% sometimes or never reduce visiting friends and relatives and gathering.College students’ emotional risk perception(ARP)score was(19.72±4.01),cognitive risk perception(CRP)score was(14.56±3.64),distance perception(DIP)score was(18.04±5.33),self-efficacy score was(27.27±6.74),attitude belief score was(26.15±4.54),and individual ARP(β=0.157,P<0.01),CRP(β=0.076,P<0.01),attitude(β=0.227,P<0.01)and self-efficacy(β=0.131,P<0.01)all directly predicted individual college students’ prevention and control behaviors,while the effect of DIP was not significant(P>0.05).ARP(0.032,95%CI=0.017～0.044)and CRP(0.029,95%CI=0.018～0.035)were able to influence protective behaviors through attitude independent mediation,with effect shares of 16.75% and 17.79%,respectively;CRP(0.059,95%CI=0.037～0.060)could also influence protective behavior through self-efficacy independent mediation,with an effect ratio of 34.36%;meanwhile,ARP(0.003,95%CI=0.001～0.004)and CRP(0.002,95%CI=0.001～0.004)were also able to influence protective behavior through attitude chain mediated effect of self-efficacy on individual protective behaviors,with effect shares of 1.57% and 1.23%,respectively.ConclusionRisk perception of college students is an important predictor of individual prevention and control behavior of COVID-19,and the relationship between risk perception and individual prevention and control behavior of COVID-19 is affected by the independent and chain mediating effects of attitude and self-efficacy.Therefore,colleges and universities should strengthen the general self-efficacy and attention attitude of college students,improve the level of risk awareness of students,and promote the effective prevention and control of campus epidemic. |
PDF Full Text Request